CEANO V THUS. 



49 



cela'strus. 



and flowering shrubs. In all these 

 cases hand-picking should be resorted 

 to as soon as the insects are perceived. 

 Many persons recommend fumigating 

 with tobacco smoke, or by burning 

 wet straw under the tree ; and 

 others, washing with tobacco or lime 

 water ; but most of these remedies 

 are worse than the disease. 



Catmint. — See Nepeta. 



Cattle v ya. — Orchidaceoe. — Or- 

 chideous plants, with large and splen- 

 did flowers, natives of South America. 

 They may be grown either in pots in 

 peat mixed with lime rubbish ; or on 

 pieces of wood or cocoa husks hung up 

 in a hothouse, the roots being wrapped 

 in wet moss. All the species of 

 Cattleya are easily propagated by di- 

 viding their roots ; and they are parti- 

 cularly valuable, as they will thrive in 

 a common hothouse if well supplied 

 with water, without requiring the ex- 

 cessive heat and moisture generally 

 necessary for the tropical Orchidese. 



CeanoVhus. — RhamnacecB. — Red 

 root. American hardy and half-hardy 

 shrubs, with large spikes of very small 

 flowers. The most ornamental species 

 of the genus is C. azitreus, which is 

 only half-hardy in the climate of 

 London, requiring protection from 

 severe frosts. Ceanothus pdllidus is 

 much hardier than C. azureus, and 

 strongly resembles that species ; but 

 its leaves are not hoary beneath, and 

 its flowers, Dr. Lindley tells us in the 

 Bot. Reg., "are smaller, as well as 

 much paler." He adds, that it is often 

 confused with C. ovatus, which "is 

 a mere variety of C. Americana," 

 and C. thrysifblius, which " is a 

 Californian tree, with deep blue 

 flowers, and very strongly angular 

 branches." C. Amcricanus is the 

 least ornamental of all the kinds ; 

 and C. collinus is a dwarf plant, not 

 above two feet high, with a profusion 

 of white flowers. The last two are 

 quite hardy, but the other kinds 



should be trained against a south 

 wall, and protected from severe 

 frosts by a thatched coping. They 

 should all be grown in a compost 

 consisting of three-fourths of heath 

 mould, or a mixture of sand and peat, 

 with one of loam, and the soil should 

 be well drained. The best way to 

 effect this, as the plants are generally 

 grown in the open air, is to dig a pit 

 for each, about two feet deep, and a 

 foot and a half or two feet in diameter, 

 and to fill about a third of it with 

 broken brickbats, pieces of freestone, 

 and pebbles. The compost should be 

 put on this, and raised a few inches 

 above the level of the general surface 

 of the garden to allow for sinking. 

 This plan will not only ensure drain- 

 age, and thus prevent the roots from 

 being injured with wet ; but the 

 broken bricks and pieces of stone 

 will provide a reservoir of moisture 

 which will equally serve to prevent 

 the roots from ever becoming too dry. 



Cedar of Goa. — Cupressus lusi- 

 tanica, Tou. ; C. glauca, Lam. A 

 very ornamental half-hardy tree, which 

 in a sheltered situation has a beautiful 

 effect on a lawn, from its drooping 

 branches and glaucous foliage. It 

 requires a light soil, and to be occa- 

 sionally watered, as its roots are very 

 apt to wither if suffered to become 

 too dry. 



Celandine. See Chelidonium, 

 and Ficaria. 



Celo-sia. — AmaranthacecB. — 

 Tender annuals, with showy flowers. 

 The common Cockscomb, C. cristata, 

 j may be grown to a very large size by 

 J raising the plants on a hotbed, and 

 j frequently shifting them into longer 

 | and larger pots, as directed for the 

 balsam (see Balsa minia). 



Cela'strus, L. — Celastrinece. — 

 The Staff tree. Half-hardy shrubs, 

 mostly natives of the Cape, with 

 white flowers. For culture, see Ce- 

 anothus, 



