Cl'TRUS. 



55 



cleo'me. 



but some are tall handsome shrubs, 

 such as the Gum Cistus (C. cype- 

 rius and C. ladamferus\ and the 

 purple-flowered Cistus (C. purpu- 

 reus). The dwarf kinds being ge- 

 nerally rather tender, will require a 

 slight protection during severe winters, 

 when they are planted out on rock- 

 work. 



Ci'trus, L. — AurantiacecB. — The 

 genus Citrus includes oranges, le- 

 mons, limes, citrons, shaddocks, &c, 

 all well deserving cultivation, both 

 for their flowers and their fruit, but 

 of which only a few kinds of oranges 

 and lemons are generally growu. 

 They all thrive well in a mixture of 

 rich loam with a little rotten dung ; 

 but great care is necessary not to over- 

 pot them, or give them too much water 

 when not in a growing state. On the 

 Continent, they are indeed frequently 

 kept during winter in a cellar, almost 

 without either light or water, and 

 brought into the open air during sum- 

 mer. The different species and va- 

 rieties are generally propagated by 

 budding, grafting, and inarching on 

 the common lemon, which grows 

 readily from seed. The best time to 

 do this is in February or March, 

 when the grafts, &c. will take well, 

 and in a very short time ; and if 

 grafted on good strong stalks, they 

 will make handsome plants by the 

 autumn. As soon as the grafting 

 or budding has been performed, the 

 plants should be set in a close 

 frame on a moderate hotbed ; but 

 not plunged into it, as, from the 

 tenderness of their routs, that might 

 injure them. Oranges are also fre- 

 quently raised from seeds ; but unless 

 they are budded or grafted when 

 about two years old, it will be 

 many years before they flower. Orange 

 trees may also be propagated by cut- 

 tings, which are best of the old wood, 

 struck in sand in a gentle bottom 

 heat, and shaded. Plants raised in 



this manner flower and fruit much 

 sooner than any others, but they 

 scarcely ever attain a large size. 



Cla'rkta. — Onagracece. — Beauti- 

 ful hardy annuals, with rose-coloured, 

 white, and purple flowers, natives of 

 California, requiring the same treat- 

 ment as the other Calif'ornian annuals. 

 They may, however, be sown in spring ; 

 and as, when this is the case, they are 

 apt to become drawn up, the general 

 appearance of the bed is much im- 

 proved by sowing mignionette with 

 the Clarkia seeds in March or April. 



Clary. — See Salvia. 



Clay. — (See Earths.) 



Clayto'nia. — PortulaceoB. — 

 Hardy herbaceous plants, someannual 

 and some perennial, with pretty pink 

 and white flowers, but having rather 

 a weedy appearance. They grow best 

 in a peat border, and are increased 

 by seeds, which sometimes ripen in 

 abundance. 



Clf/matis. — Ranunculacece. — - 

 Half-hardy and hardy climbers ; shrub- 

 by and herbaceous ; with white and 

 purple flowers. They are all most 

 desirable plants, of the easiest culture 

 in any light rich soil ; and readily 

 propagated . by cuttings of the young 

 wood, or seeds, which are frequently 

 ripened plentifully. C. florida, with 

 white flowers ; C. Sieboldtii, with 

 white and purple flowers, and C. ece- 

 liilea, with beautiful violet blue 

 flowers, are among the handsomest of 

 conservatory climbers, and when 

 planted out in the open air, with their 

 roots protected, they frequently come 

 into blossom early in March. C. 

 viticella, and its varieties, C.Jidm- 

 mula, C. Hendersbiiii, and C. cy- 

 lindrica are all quite hardy, and 

 form most beautiful objects when 

 trained over lattice-work, or baskets 

 in the flower-garden ; and no garden, 

 however small, ought to be without 

 one or more of these species. 



Cleo'me. — Capparidece. — Splen- 



