BUCK-EYE. 



33 



BUDDING. 



and pits about two feet deep and 

 two feet in diameter dug in the 

 flower-borders and filled with it, into 

 which the stocks should be trans- 

 planted, with as large balls of earth 

 attached as can be taken up. They 

 should be carefully shaded and watered 

 till they have taken root ; and after- 

 wards they should be watered every 

 night till they come into flower. Thus 

 treated, the spikes of flowers will 

 sometimes be from eighteen inches to 

 two feet long, and proportionably 

 thick. 



Broom. — See Spartium and Ge- 

 nista. 



Browa'llia. — ScrophuUrince, or 

 Solanaceoe. — South American tender, 

 annuals, generally with blue flowers, 

 requiring to be raised on a hot-bed, 

 and generally grown in pots. (See 

 Annuals.) 



Brugma'nsia. — Solanece. — Peru- 

 vian shrubs, or low succulent stemmed 

 trees, of which B. suavebiens, (better 

 known by the name of Datura ar- 

 boreal) and B. sanguinece, are mag- 

 nificent species. Being large plants, 

 growing to the height of ten or twelve 

 feet, they look best when planted 

 in the ground, in a conservatory ; 

 but they will grow well in large pots : 

 or they may be planted in the open gar- 

 den in the summer season, and taken 

 up and preserved in a back shed from 

 which the frost is excluded during 

 winter, to be re- placed in the open 

 border the following spring. The 

 flowers are trumpet-shaped, one foot 

 or more in length, and very fragrant. 

 The plants grow freely in light rich 

 soil ; and they are readily propagated 

 by cuttings, either of the shoots or 

 roots. 



Brunsvigia. — See Amaryllis. 



Bryony. — See Tamus ; under 

 which both kinds are described. 



Buck-eye The American name 



for the smooth-fruited horse-chestnut. 

 (See Pavia.) 



Buckler Mustard. — See Biscu- 



TELLA. 



BUCK-THORN. See FvHAMNUS. 



Budding is an operation for propa- 

 gating ligneous plants, as a substitute, 

 in particular cases, for grafting, or 

 other modes of propagation. In flori- 

 culture, it is more particularly used 

 for propagating select species of roses. 

 The time of performing the operation 

 is from July to September ; and the 

 mode is as follows : — The first thing 

 to be done is to select a young shoot 

 of the current year, from which the 

 bud is to be taken, and a stock of 

 one or of several years' growth, into 

 which the bud is to be inserted. The 

 bud is cut out with a portion of the 

 bark, and the wood attached above 

 and below the footstalk of a leaf, in 

 the axil of which leaf the bud is situ- 

 ated. To do this, a sharp penknife 

 or budding-knife is inserted in the 

 shoot, about three-fourths of an inch 

 below the bud, and passed up beneath 

 the bud to about half an inch above 

 it ; the bud, with the bark and wood 

 to which it is attached, is then held 

 in the left hand, and with the knife 

 in the right hand the thin film of 

 wood is quickly picked out, leaving 

 the bud attached to a piece of bark, 

 technically called the shield. A slit 

 is then made in the back of the 

 stock, about one- third of an inch in 

 length, and a transverse cut is made 

 within one-fourth of an inch of the 

 upper part of the longitudinal slit. 

 The bark is opened on both sides of 

 the longitudinal slit by means of a 

 thin flat piece of bone or ivory ; or, in 

 Nursery practice, with the end of the 

 handle of the knife, which is made 

 thin on purpose. The bud is now 

 inserted in its natural position, with 

 the bud looking upwards, and a por- 

 tion of the upper part of the bark to 

 which the bud is attached is cut 

 across, so as to fit to the transverse 

 cut which was formed in the stock. 



