HAWKWEED. 



137 



heart' s-ease , 



parsley being soon devoured, the car- 

 nationb are completely destroyed. 



HareVear. — See Bupleurum. 



Hare's-foot Fern, — Davallia 

 canariensis. — A very curious exotic 

 fern, the roots of which grow out of 

 the pot, and closely resemble a hare's 

 foot. It is a native of the Canaries, 

 and should be grown in sand and 

 peat. 



Hart's-tongue. — Scolopendrium 

 officiyiarum. — One of the handsomest 

 of the British ferns, from its broad 

 tongue-shaped leaves. It grows in 

 marshy places. It is called Scolopen- 

 drium from its roots bearing some 

 resemblance to the little luminous in- 

 sect, Scolopendra electrica. 



Hatchet Vetch. — CoronUla secu- 

 ridaca, now called Securigera Coro- 

 nUla. A coarse-growing hardy annual, 

 which takes up a great deal of room, 

 from its large, rough, and widely- 

 spreading leaves and stems ; while it 

 can boast of little beauty in its single 

 yellow pea-flowers. It will grow in 

 any soil or situation. 



Haulm. — The dead stalks and 

 leaves of peas, potatoes, &c. It is 

 generally gathered up, and carried 

 to the rubbish-heap to rot for manure, 

 or burnt. It is also sometimes used 

 for covering the ground over the roots 

 of trees, &c. to keep out the frost . 



Hawkweed. — The plants properly 

 called Hawkweed belong to the genus 

 Hieracium ; they have generally yel- 

 low flowers, and many of them are 

 British weeds : the yellow Hawkweed 

 of the gardens ( Tolpis barbatus), and 

 the red Hawkweed (Borkhausia 

 rubra), are, however, quite distinct. 

 They are both hardy annuals, which 

 only require sowing in the open bor- 

 der ; and one of which (the yellow) 

 will stand the winter in the open 

 ground without protection, if sown in 

 autumn. The red-flowered kind 

 is very apt to become drawn up with 

 long slender stems, and requires stak- 



ing and tying to make it look well. — 

 See Crepis and Hiera'ci'um. 



Hawthorn. — Cratcegus Oxyacdn- 

 tha. — See Crat^gus. 



Hazel. — Corylus Avellana. — The 

 common Hazel is rather a fruit-tree 

 than an ornamental shrub ; but it is 

 sometimes grown in pleasure-grounds 

 and geometric gardens, to form a shady 

 walk. Walks of this kind were great 

 favourites in the time of Elizabeth, 

 and also in the Dutch gardens laid out 

 in the time of William III. They 

 are therefore suitable in the gardens of 

 Elizabethan houses, or of any man- 

 sions built in James I.'s style. They 

 require no particular care but planting 

 the young trees in a loamy soil, giving 

 them, if possible, a little of that rich 

 yellow soil generally called hazel- 

 loam, from its peculiar adaptation to 

 this plant, and clipping and training 

 the branches so as to make the walk 

 form one continued bower. 



Heart's-ease. — Most of the differ- 

 ent kinds now in cultivation have 

 sprung partly from the wild kind, Viola 

 tricolor, hybridized by some other 

 species ; and as all the kinds, whether 

 hybrids or species, vary very much 

 when raised from seed, and as these 

 varieties and hybrids may be readily 

 cross-bred with each other, the num- 

 ber of kinds that may be raised 

 defies all calculation. The heart's- 

 ease must be grown in very rich soil, 

 composed, if in pots or boxes, of four 

 parts of rich loam, one of sand, and 

 one of decayed leaves or rotten dung ; 

 and if in the open ground, of rich loam 

 highly manured. It is propagated by 

 seeds, or division of the root. The 

 seeds should be sown as soon as they 

 are ripe in a bed, where the young 

 plants should remain till they flower, 

 when the best should be taken up and 

 replanted in another bed, or in well- 

 drained pots or boxes, for flowering. 

 The plants will require constant 

 watering during the hot weather; but 



