JUNl'PERUS. 



158 



JUST1CIA. 



Zizyphus vulgaris, which ripens 

 abundantly in the neighbourhood of 

 Paris; but the real Jujube-tree is Z. 

 Jujuba, a native of the East Indies, 

 •which requires a stove in Europe. 

 Both are nearly allied to Paliurus, or 

 Christ's Thorn. 



Julibrissin. — This beautiful tree, 

 which is a kind of Acacia, is called 

 the Silk Tree, from the abundance 

 and silkiness of its long, fine, tassel- 

 like blossoms. It is rather tender in 

 England, but it grows freely in Italy. 

 See Acacia. 



Juniper. — See Juni'perus. 

 Juni'perus. — Conifer as \ Ciir 

 pressinece. — The Juniper. Ever- 

 green shrubs, natives of different 

 parts of the world, but most of which 

 are hardy in British gardens. They 

 all thrive in common soil, mixed with 

 sand, or in heath mould ; and they 

 are generally propagated by seeds, 

 though they will all root from cut- 

 tings. J", communis, a native of 

 Britain, of which there are several 

 varieties, is a very common hardy 

 evergreen, sometimes found in the 

 form of a low hush, and at others in 

 that of a conical tree, like the Cypress. 

 It bears clipping, makes excellent 

 garden hedges, and was formerly cut 

 into a great variety of shapes. The 

 fruit is used throughout Europe to 

 flavour ardent spirits (the spirit called 

 Hollands being made from it), and 

 the wood is burned in ovens or kilns 

 to flavour dried beef, hams, or fish. J. 

 virginiana, the Red Cedar, is one of 

 the most common of small evergreen 

 trees, or large shrubs. It is raised 

 from seeds, and the male and fe- 

 male plants being of different sizes, 

 the individuals vary exceedingly in 

 form and their manner of growth ; so 



that a number of plants of this species 

 may exist in a shrubbery or pleasure- 

 ground, and yet not two of them be 

 alike. J. excelsa is a tall, Cypress- 

 like shrub, or low tree, very hardy 

 and very ornamental. J. recurva, 

 a native of Nepaul, is a very elegant 

 plant, with drooping shoots, well 

 adapted for cemeteries. It is one of 

 the hardiest of the species, and thrives 

 even in the smoke of London. J. 

 Sabina, the common Savin, is one 

 of our most ancient garden shrubs, 

 being almost the only coniferous ever- 

 green planted in the time of Queen 

 Elizabeth ; and there are several va- 

 rieties of this species, all of which are 

 beautiful. The fragrance of all the 

 Junipers is resinous and refreshing, 

 and many of the kinds are used in 

 medicine. The wood used in mak- 

 ing lead pencils is generally that of 

 the red cedar ; or of the Barbadoes 

 Cedar, Cedrela odorata, which last is 

 a stove-plant in England. 



Jupiter's Beard. — Anthyllis. 

 Barba Jovis. — An ornamental, low 

 shrub, which will grow in any com- 

 mon garden-soil, and is propagated by 

 cuttings. 



Jussieua. — Onagrarice. — Aquatic 

 shrubs, with large yellow flowers, re- 

 sembling those of the (Enothera, or 

 vellow evening primrose. Natives of 

 South America, and only half-hardy 

 in Britain. See Aquarium and Water 

 Plants. 



Justicia. — Acanthacece. - — Stove 

 plants, with showy and curious flowers. 

 They require a rich light soil, or a 

 mixture of loam and peat ; and flower 

 freely with moderate care. They are 

 propagated by cuttings, which strike 

 readily in sand, under a hand-glass, 

 and with bottom-heat. 



