MARSH PLANTS. 1 



77 MARTAGON LILY. 



plant to be cultivated. In general, 

 rapid-growing plants, such as bulbs of 

 every kind, require the roughly-de- 

 composed manure ; but strong vigor- 

 ous plants which grow all the sum- 

 mer, such as Dicotyledonous annuals 

 and perennials, may be manured with 

 materials in a less decomposed state. 

 All manures should be preserved in 

 compact masses, so as to present as 

 small a surface to the action of the 

 atmosphere as possible, and a shaded 

 situation is consequently preferable to 

 one exposed to the free action of the 

 sun and air. 



Mara'nta C&nnece. — The In- 

 dian Arrow-root. Stove plants, with 

 tuberous roots and small white 

 flowers. The Indian arrow-root 

 is made from the tubers. 



Mare's-tail. — See Hippu v ris. 



Ma'rica. — Iridece. — Fibrous root- 

 ed plants, with very ornamental 

 flowers, greatly resembling those of 

 the Cape bulbs. Natives of Africa, 

 some of which require a stove and 

 others a greenhouse in England. For 

 culture see Amaryllis. 



Marigold. — See Calendula. 



Marjoram. — See Origanum. 



Marrubium. — Labiatce. — Hore- 

 hound. The species should be gi own 

 in light rich soil ; and they are in- 

 creased by dividing the roots. 



Marsh Mallow. — See Altrea. 



Marsh Marigold Calthapalus- 



tris. — A British marsh or aquatic 

 plant, sometimes introduced in ponds, 

 and other artificial pieces of water, in 

 garden scenery, to give them a natu- 

 ral appearance, or to hide their ter- 

 mination. The plants only require 

 to be planted in the muddy banks of 

 the water, if it be a pond ; but if it 

 be a river, they should have a stone or 

 two laid on their roots to prevent 

 them from being washed away by the 

 stream. 



Marsh Plants are of different 

 kinds : those whieh grow in common 



soil, saturated with moisture through- 

 out the year; those which grow in 

 soil saturated or covered with water 

 during winter and spring ; and those 

 which grow in peat-bogs. A few of 

 them are ornamental ; such as Meny- 

 dnthes trifolidta and Comdrum pa- 

 lustre, which are proper Marsh Plants; 

 Damasbnium vulgare, and Ranun- 

 culus lingua and Jlammula, which 

 grow in soils sometimes dry during 

 summer ; and Parnassia palustris, 

 which grows in peat-bogs and springy- 

 soils. In gardens, bogs are easily 

 imitated, by placing the soil in pots, or 

 sunk boxes, with retentive bottoms 

 and sides so as to retain water. 

 Where there is an aquarium, or pond 

 for plants, it is very common to have 

 it surrounded with a border or margin 

 of soil raised a few inches above the 

 level of the water in the pond, and 

 which is kept moist by the exudation 

 of the water. To prevent the exuda- 

 tion from extending further than the 

 border, the bottom and the outer 

 margin are formed of masonry lined 

 with clay. A very common mode 

 and one of the best is, to place the 

 plants in pots or tubs, and set these 

 on supports in the water, so that the 

 bottom of the pot or tub may be only 

 a few inches covered by it. In this 

 way the soil about the plant is kept 

 sufficiently moist without the risk of 

 any excess. Among Marsh Plants 

 may be reckoned the different kinds of 

 Sedge, some of which are very orna- 

 mental (see Ca\rex) ; the Buck- 

 bean (see Menya'nthes) ; Hottbnia 

 palustris ; the Sweet-scented Rush 

 (Acorus calamus) ; the Forget-me- 

 not (Myosbtis palustris) ; the 

 Marsh Bedstraw (Galium palustre); 

 and many others. 



Martagon Lily. — Those lilies 

 which have the segments of the 

 perianth so completely turned back, 

 as to form no bad representation of a 

 Turk's cap. In the midland counties 



