1254 



UNITED STATES. 



branches inclining towards the earth ; the petioles 

 very long, deeply pinked by broad sinuses, the lobes 

 are seven, oblong, and have teeth, or sharp subdivisi- 

 ons, like those of the scarlet oak, but much less. The 

 cup is saucer shaped, acorn small. Grows through- 

 out the United States, and west of the Alleghany. 

 Abounds in the IlHnois, and is there used for spokes 

 cf wheels. Of all the species of American oaks, 

 this varies the least. 



[The butts are often used for rimming of carriage 

 v^^heels. Marsh.] 



20. Quercus rubra,, Q. rub* maxima^ largest 

 red oak of Marshall, Red oak. 



Height from 100 to 110 feet, rapid in gi'owth, leaves 

 less deeply sinuated than those of the two preceding 

 species; seven or nine lobed, teeth or angles veiy 

 isharp, sinus sharp, sometimes obtuse, petiole very 

 long, acorns moderately large, cup saucer shaped, 

 acorns egg shaped and short. Grows in all the states 

 and hi the counties west of the Alleghany moun- 

 tains. The wood, though inferior to the red oak, 

 is nevertheless employed by carpenters and wheel- 

 wrights. Its bark is preferable to all the other 

 species for tanning. The European tanners settled 

 in the United States have observed, that it posses- 

 ses a more active principle than the European oak. 

 It grows rapidly in sandy, ferruginous, and cold 

 soils. 



[Marshall says, the timber is used for staves, 

 shingles, and rails. The tree retains its thickness to 

 a considerable height, and without lateral branches, 

 spreading at top j often is six feet in diameter.] 



