BRIDGES 



489 



direction. *The ends of the piers, up stream, are se- 

 micircular, and after rising four and a half feet from 

 their foundations, with the usual batter of the sides, 

 they recede or batter at an angle of i^ixty-seven de- 

 grees, until they rise to the further height of ten per- 

 pendicular feet, -when they are again carried up with 

 the former batter to the square, where they termi- 

 nate ; and receive their finish, with a coping of cut 

 stone, in the form of a half dome. The stones of 

 which this angular part is composed, are all deep in 

 their bed, extending from two to five feet into the 

 pier, and are each secured with a clamp of iron. 

 At this point the cut stone ceases, and the dimensions 

 of the pier are here sixty-two feet in length, and 

 twenty feet in breadth. 



• An offset of eight inches is then made on the sides j 

 and the square part of the piers again carried up, 

 with a skue back, to the further height of three feet 

 nine inches. The feet of the arches rest on this off- 

 set and spring from this angle. The height of the 

 piers next the chores, from the foot of the arches to 

 ordinary low water mark, is twenty-seven feet five 

 inches, and of those in the middle, twenty-eight feet 

 seven inches each. The distance between the abut- 

 ments is one thousand and eight feet, and the whole 

 length of the bridge, including the wing walls, will be 

 one quarter of a mile. 



The whole of the . stone work done consists of 

 one hundred and sixty -nine thousand^ two hun- 

 dred and twenty-three feet of cut stone^ contained 

 in sixteen thousand fix hundred and fifty perches 

 of masonry . 



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