318 THE AMEBIC AN NATURALIST [Vol. XLIV 



deferens just below. They both developed normally, but the 

 duet served as an exit for the sperm only, not for the eggs. The 

 transplanted ovary had in no case an influence on the secondary 

 sexual characters; the only difference between these moths and 

 normal males was the fact that the eggs made the abdomen bulge 

 somewhat. 



Some experiments in transplanting were tried on Orgyiagono- 

 stigma because of its marked sexual dimorphism and because it 

 remains in the caterpillar stage for about eleven months. Only 

 two males survived the operation, and although the ovaries had 

 been in the male body from September 11 till June 20 and 

 were well developed, there was no evidence of any effect on 

 somatic characters which were of the typical male sort. 



Investigations as to the effect of the operation on such psy- 

 chical characters as sexual instincts led to the conclusion that 

 these characters are independent of sex cells and of parts of the 

 sexual apparatus. In castrated moths, in moths deprived of 

 their copulation apparatus, and in males with transplanted 

 ovaries, the sexual instinct was found to be as strong as in 

 normal males. 



In another series of experiments, the anlage of the wing, a 

 secondary sexual character, was removed at the time of castra- 

 tion in order to determine whether the new anlage laid down in 

 the absence of sex cells would have the same sexual character 

 as the old anlage laid down in the presence of the sex cells. In 

 the control series, in which the sex cells were left intact and the 

 anlage of the two wings of one side was removed after the second, 

 third and fourth moults it was found that in one fourth of the 

 cases there was no regeneration ; in the rest, all amounts of regen- 

 eration occurred up to an almost complete wing, all of the regen- 

 erated wings being perfectly normal in markings which occurred 

 in the-.same relative position as in the normal wing. From the 

 fact that the whole wing is present in miniature and not merely 

 the root of the wing is present. Meisenheimer concludes that the 

 wing has not grown out from the stump of the did anlage which 

 was left, but that a new anlage center has been laid down, per- 

 haps by the old stump which has gained new relations with the 

 tracheae. The difference in the amount of regeneration he 

 attributes not to the amount of tissue left in operation, but to 

 the length of time elapsing before pupation. In cases where 

 this was shortest, about the time for normal moths, no regenera- 

 tion took place: when this was somewhat longer (from 10 to 

 14 days longer) some regeneration took place; when this was 

 longest (from 17 to 37 days longer) almost complete regenera- 



