256 



iron, so as to form a complete hand-barrow ; 

 then the tree may be lifted easily. Cross levers 

 may be used for larger trees which require more 

 men, as at C, so that as many as are wanted 

 can apply their strength, without being- in each 

 other's way. The whole is fixed and unfixed 

 without any loss of time, and requires no tying ; 

 nor is there any danger of slipping off. One of 

 the chief advantages of this method is, that the 

 tree is supported on the ball of earth instead of 

 the earth being supported by the fibres of the 

 roots, as is usual in most cases ; for even in 

 moving large trees with trucks, sledges, &c, 

 most of the mischief is done in loading and un- 

 loading, and adjusting the tree to a proper posi- 

 tion : all which can be done by the above me- 

 thod, without in the least injuring the fibres, &c. 

 The roots which extend beyond the ball of earth 

 must be cut off at the outer side of the trench, 

 and be left projecting; and in taking up, it is 

 advisable to go much wider with the spade from 

 it, than the ball of earth is intended to be ; the I 

 ball being afterwards reduced, if need be, by a 

 pick, so that a single root need not be injured i 

 by it. In removing very large trees, the tap- 

 roots which cannot easily be got at, may be se- 

 parated readily, by a long chisel applied under 

 the ball of earth and driven by a mallet ; but in 

 moderate sized trees this will not be found ne- 

 cessary. This mode of transplanting trees is 

 much cheaper and more successful than that of 

 Sir H. Stewart ; more generally applicable to 

 every description of tree and shrub, particularly j 

 to many whose fibrous roots cannot be exposed 

 without destruction to the tree ; by taking them 

 up in the manner above described, and when in 

 leaf and even blossom, they do not appear to 

 feel the removal ; and again, trees thus removed I 

 do not require support from stakes, as the hole 

 dug for their reception might be made to fit ex- 

 actly the bottom of the large ball of earth, J 

 which will then be found to steady them very j 

 sufficiently." 



all the levelness of the other. Moreover, it is 

 an excellent mode of disposing of the blankets 

 during the summer. We warrant he who tries 

 it, never buys another hair mattress. 



From the Cultivator. 

 RYE INJURIOUS TO ORCHARDS. 



Messrs. Editors, — In 1839, I ploughed in a 

 twenty acre field of rye for manure, when it 

 was about developing the tassel, with good suc- 

 cess. 1 would not have it understood that the 

 grain was sowed for that purpose, as there are 

 many substances less expensive, that might be 

 used to greater advantage, but to save a young 

 orchard, growing in the same lot, from destruc- 

 tion. During my absence, my man through 

 mistake, sowed rye instead of wheat ; and on 

 my return, I was obliged to turn it under, having 

 once injured an orchard so materially by crop- 

 ping it one year with rye, that it did not bear 

 fruit in five years after, and still feels the effect 

 of the injury. R. L, Pell. 



Pelham, Ulster Co., Feb, 19, 1844. 



A NEW FASHIONED MATTRESS. 

 We sojourned lately at the house of a coun- 

 try friend where we were treated to the most 

 comfortable mattress it has ever been our good 

 fortune to encounter. At first we thought it 

 was fatigue which had converted an ordinary 

 couch into a " thrice driven bed of down ;" but 

 we soon found that there was a most comforta- 

 ble peculiarity about the bed itself, and upon 

 inquiry we found that we had been lying upon 

 a mattress consisting of eight or ten blankets 

 quilted together and encased in a linen cover ; 

 this mattress rested upon an ordinary feather 

 bed. This hybrid between a feather bed and a 

 mattress, secures all the softness of the one and 



TRIAL OF PLOUGHS. 



In a late number of the Cultivator, we men- 

 tioned that Mr. Colman bad presented to the 

 Council of the Royal Agricultural Society, two 

 American ploughs — one of which was the Cen- 

 tre Draught plough from Prouty & Mears, and 

 the other the Eagle plough from Ruggles, 

 Nouise & Mason. These ploughs were tried 

 in connection with several English ploughs at 

 the late show at Southampton. In reference to 

 the trial, the Editor of the Farmers' Magazine 

 says — " The contrast between the working of 

 these trans-atlantic ploughs and the English 

 ones was most striking, and was the most per- 

 fect practical refutation to the self-congratulatory 

 remarks of Daniel Webster, who, on his return 

 from England, stated that he had not seen any 

 implement in England worthy of comparison 

 with those of America. We particularly ex- 

 amined the work of these ploughs, and com- 

 pared with the level and accurate furrows made 

 by the English plough, which appeared as 

 though cut out by a plane, were coarse, rough, 

 and irregular. The work of the competing 

 ploughs, with the two exceptions we have al- 

 luded to, was generally good, especially so, con- 

 sidering the state of the soil." — Cultivator. 



We imagine that the opinion expressed by 

 the Editor of the Farmers' Magazine is in a 

 measure at least the result of national prejudice. 

 At any rate, a very intelligent Scotch farmer 

 brought to our office, last summer, a plough 

 which he had brought from home, with a request 



