UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS 



BULLETIN 'JF THE DEPARTMENT OF 



GEOLOGY 



Vol. 10, No. 15, pp. 255-266, plate 13 Issued April 14, 1917 



AGE OF STRATA REFERRED TO THE ELLENS- 

 BURG FORMATION^ TI±E WHITE BLUFFS 

 OF THE COLUMBIA RIVER 



BY . ' , 



JOHN C. MERRIAM and JOHN P. BUWALDA 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Introduction . 255 



Previous knowledge 256 



Faunas 257 



Geology 260 



Stratigraphic section 260 



Physiography and structure 261 



Mode of deposition 263 



Area 263 



Relation to the Ellensburg formation 264 



INTRODUCTION 



As a part of a programme of correlation studies on the Tertiary in 

 the northern part of the Great Basin, the writers visited important 

 localities of the Ellensburg formation of south-central Washington 

 in June, 1916, in the hope of adding to the scanty representation of 

 vertebrate remains known from these beds. A small collection was 

 secured in the type area of the Ellensburg formation near North 

 Yakima. A somewhat larger quantity of fragmentary material was 

 collected in the great section of sediments appearing in the White 

 Bluffs of the Columbia River in the vicinity of Hanford and Ringold, 

 generally recognized as one of the largest of the typical Ellensburg 

 exposures. 



In the typical Ellensburg area near North Yakima remains of 

 an equid or horse type were found representing the genus Hipparion, 



