68 University of California Publications in Geology [Vol. 11 



Astoria is used in this paper only for the shale lying above the Eocene strata and 

 below the massive sandstone at Harrington Point. This usage, corresponding 

 to the first definition of Condon and to the use of the term by Diller, includes 

 the Oligocene shale as part of the formation. This part may be referred to as 

 the Aturia zone of the Astoria shale, since it is not definitely recognizable except 

 by the presence of the rare Aturia fauna. 45 



Washburne agrees with Dall that the sandstones immediately above 

 the Astoria shale are apparently conformable with it. Lists of species 

 are given from a number of localities from the Eocene, Oligocene and 

 Miocene of Washington, the determinations of which were made by 

 Dall. It is of interest to note at this point that Acila shnmardi and 

 the fauna listed with it in this paper are again referred to the 

 Eocene. 40 The writer has already pointed out (see note at bottom 

 of page 59) that the beds at Pittsburg along the Nehalem River, 

 Oregon, from which the types of Acila shumardi, Macrocallista pitts- 

 burgensis, and Molopophorus gabbi were obtained, are referred to the 

 Eocene by Dall. Washburne 's definition of the Astoria shale, which 

 excludes the sandstone member formerly included by Dall in his 

 definition of the Astoria group, agrees with that of Arnold and 

 Hannibal. 



A later discussion of the Oligocene of Washington by C. E. 

 Weaver appeared in a paper entitled "Tertiary faunal horizons of 

 western Washington. ' ' 4T In this paper, a number of new invertebrate 

 species are described from the Oligocene and a general discussion 

 pertaining to the faunal zones is given. The statement is made that 

 the Oligocene deposits in the vicinity of the Cape Flattery section have 

 an aggregate thickness of nearly 15,000 feet. "In the Puget Sound 

 Basin and in southwestern Washington they range in thickness from 

 1000 to 10,000 feet. Marine fossils are abundant within the Oligocene 

 deposits and constitute several faunal zones." Weaver expresses 

 the opinion that there does not seem to be sufficient evidence to 

 divide the strata of the Oligocene into a series of formations. He 

 refers all the deposits of that region to the Clallam formation and 

 recognizes three faunal zones : 



The faunal zones, beginning with the oldest, are the Molopophorus lincolnensis 

 zone, the Turritella porterensis zone and the Acila gettysburgensis zone. The 

 corresponding sedimentary deposits containing these zones may be referred to as 

 the Lincoln, Porter and Blakely horizons. The term horizon is used in the sense 

 of a deposit formed at a particular time and identified by distinctive fossils. The 



■is Washburne, C, op. cit., p. 31. 



*7 Weaver, C. E., Univ. Wash. Publ. Geol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-67, 1916. 



