FAMILIES AND GENERA OF THE MADEEPORAEIA. 



67 



unequal, not exsert, some united, granular at the sides, denticulate, 

 and often with a paliform tooth. Costse visible on the wall near 

 the calice especially. Epitheca absent. Dissepiments few and 

 distant. 



Distribution. — Mecent. East Indies, Florida, Central America, 

 Panama Bay, east and west coasts of IS' orth America, Str. of Magel- 

 lan. — Fossil. Eocene : Europe, Borneo. Miocene : N. America. 



There is no doubt that the species formerly classified with 

 Astrangia, and which are found in the Miocene or later Tertiaries 

 of the United States (eastern coast) vary in their method of gem- 

 mation. The corallites may entirely arise from the basal expan- 

 sion, or some may come from the angles between corallites, and 

 even from the wall anywhere below the calice. Some of these 

 buds are accidentally placed, and have no intimate union with the 

 parent ; but others appear to be true infracalicular gemmations. 

 Yerriil has formed a subgenus Coenangia for these forms and for 

 Astrangia DancB of the Virginian fauna. 



Subgenus C(enangia, Yerriil^ Notes on Badiata, p. 530 (1869). 

 Syn. Pleiadia, Dana. 



Corallites united together laterally, forming small Astrcea- 

 like incrusting masses, sometimes rising into lobes in the middle. 

 Calicles angular and crowded. Septa without distinct paliferous 

 teeth at base, those of the last cycles curved towards and usually 

 united to those of preceding cycle. Columella small, scarcely 

 papillose. Budding between corallites and around or below cali- 

 cular margin. 



Distribution . — Recent. Gruaymas ; E. coast N, America as far 

 north as Long Island Sound. — Fossil. Miocene ; Maryland. 



Pleiadia, Dana, is not mentioned in YerriU's revision of the 

 names of the genera used in the great work on Zoophytes, Wilkes 

 Expedition ; and Dana observes (' Corals and Coral Islauds,' 1872, 

 p. 68) that it is synonymous with Astrangia. 



The genus Fhyllangia of Milne-Edwards and Jules Haime only 

 differs from Astrangia in having exsert septa, some of which are 

 not denticulate, others being so, with a smaller and more variable 

 columella. It is at the most only a subgenus. 



Subgenus Phtllangia, (genus) Milne-Fdwards Sf Jules FLaime, 

 Compt. Bend, de VAcad. des Sci. t. xxvii. p. 497 (1848); Verrill, 

 Notes on Badiata, p. 531. 

 S^n. Soplangia, Grosse. 



Colony incrusting, forming clusters of moderately large turbi- 



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