FAMILIES AND GENEEA OF THE MADEEPORARIA. 



97 



shorter. Corallites united by their walls, which form superficial, 

 convex, radiating collines, with the septo-costae on their flanks, and 

 crossing over the top, which is a semiridge. Septa denticulate, 

 not in distinct cycles, close, small, moderately unequal. Calices 

 indistinct. Columella absent. Costse bound the margin of the 

 base superiorly, being directed radially. 



Dhtrihution. — Fossil. Cretaceous : North Africa, Europe ? 



G-enus HYdnophora, Milne-Fdwards Sf Jules Hairnet Hist, Nat. 

 des Corall. vol. ii. p. 419 (1857). 



Colony massive and largely adherent. Corallites in series, 

 united by their walls ; their surface-ridges are simple, stout, 

 compact, and their continuity is frequently, and often regularly, 

 interrupted, giving an appearance of monticules separated by 

 longitudinal and transverse valleys. Monticules marked with 

 prominent costse. Calicinal centres indistinct. Columella absent. 

 Septa barely exsert, thin, rather close, denticulated, meeting those 

 of the opposite side of the series at their inner end, which is 

 slightly enlarged and bifurcate. Dentations strongest near the 

 axis of the valleys. Interseptal loculi rather deep. Endotheca 

 simple, nearly transverse. 



Distribution. — Fossil. Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene : 

 Europe. Eocene, Miocene : Asia. — Becent. Red Sea, Indian 

 v^cean. Pacific. 



Genus MoNTicuLASTEiEA, Duncan, Fossil Corals and Alcyonaria 

 of^ind, Fal. Ind. Ser. xiv. p. 87 (1880). 



Colony massive or foliated, sometimes pedunculate, irregular at 

 *ts upper surface, and the base is covered with crowded radiating 

 costse. Collines small, short or long, often very irregular and 

 costulate. Columella continuous around the collines, lamellar, 

 separating the septal ends. Endotheca highly developed. 



Distribution . — Fossil. Miocene : Sind, Asia. 



6. Subfamily Astrceidce agglomeratce Jissiparantes. 

 FaviacecB (pars), Milne-Edwards & Jules Haime, Hist. JSTat. des 

 CoralL vol. ii. p. 426 (1857). 

 Astrseidse forming massive or incrusting colonies. Corallites 

 increasing by fissiparity, and sometimes by gemmation also, 

 united by costse or coenenchyma, or both, or by the walls only, 

 not forming long series, or non-serial. 



LINK. JOURN. — ZOOLOGT, VOL. XVIII. 7 



