2 SOUTHERN PLANTER.— ADVERTISING SHEET. 



" MANIPULATED GUANO 5 



(COPY RIGHT SECURED.) 



By JOHN S. REESE, Baltimore, Md. 



The attention of those interested in Agriculture is 

 invited to the following account of the above Guano, 

 wherein the grounds upon which it is recommended 

 to the farmers and planters of the country are briefly 

 set forth. 



This guano is offered to Agriculturists, to accom- 

 plish that which no guano or other concentrated fer- 

 tilizer has accomplished — namely, that ot making a 

 permanent improvement of the soil, and at the same 

 time, giving an immediate return to the consumer. 



The remarkable effects of Peruvian Guano in pro- 

 ducing a rapid and luxuriant growth are .known to 

 every farmer. And it is equally well known that its 

 pre-eminence over every other fertilizer in this par- 

 ticular, is attributable to its ammonia, which nature 

 has combined in a variety of forms so perfectly adap- 

 ted to its use, but ammonia is evenescent in its nature, 

 and hence the fact that the effect of Peruvian Guano 

 is limited to the crop to which it is applied. While the 

 value of ammonia, as found only in Peruvian Guano 

 is fully conceded, it will not be denied that the phos- 

 phate of time as found in bone and Phosphatic Guan- 

 oes is equally essential to the development of every 

 cerial crop. While a permanent improvement can not 

 be expected from Peruvian Guano from the nature of 

 its valuable element (ammonia) and the limited quan- 

 tity of Phosphate Lime it contains, a no less difficulty 

 exists in the use of the Phosphatic Guano and bones, 

 because of their insolubility and the coarseness of their 

 particles, together with the fact that they contain no 

 ammonia. Hence, though bones and Phosphatic 

 Guanoes, improve the soil, their effect is slow and 

 gradual. But present effect is what is desired. 



The effect of ammonia as a tertilizer, according to the 

 best authority, is that of a stimulant, and solvent. It 

 stimulates the plant to a rapid growth, and aids the 

 solution of the Phosphates and other mineral elements 

 of the soil; as such its great importance is obvious, 

 when judiciously applied; but it is certain that it 

 cannot render a soil permanently fertile, because of 

 its evenescenj nature, and because its great stimula- 

 ting effect would prohibit the use of it in sufficient 

 quantities to make it available for future crops. 



Phosphate of lime is permanent in its nature, and 

 may be applied to soils in any quantity, without be- 

 ing subject to any loss other than that of actual con- 

 sumption by the plant, hence any quantity which may 

 remain in the soil, is available for future crops. 



Peruvian Guano contains 16 per cent., of ammonia 

 and 25 to 30 per cent, of phosphates. When it is re- 

 membered that one crop of wheat from an acre re- 

 quires more Phosphate Lime than is contained in ten 

 hundred pounds or Peruvian Guano, it becomes plain 

 that the quantity in Peruvian Guano is too email, and 

 that on that account its effect is limited to the pres- 

 ent crop. From these considerations, it lollows that 

 to obtain a sufficiency of Phosphate Lime from Peru- 

 vian Guano to permanently improve the soil, double 

 the quantity must be applied, at the expense mimes 

 ammonia, which (ammonia) would be useless if not in- 

 jurious. Now if a Guano could be had containing 

 these t*o valuable elements in equivalent propor- 

 tions, that is with less auiHuouia, and double the quan- 

 tity or more of Phosphates, a great desideratum 

 would be obtained. In a guano ot this kind the am- 

 monia would aid (lie solution ol the 'Phosphate of 

 Lime, and thus place it in a condition to be mmedi- 

 ateiy appropriated by the plant. 



The obvious want of such a guano has suggested 

 the practice, which prevails to some extent, oi mix- 

 ing Peruvian and phosphatic Guanoes together; but 

 this will not answer the purpose, for several plfiin rea- 

 sons First, a uniform mixture cannot be made by 

 the farmer. Secondly, if it could, the end desired 



would not be obtained. A uniform mixture is not 

 only required, but there must be a minute combina- 

 tion of particles before chemieal action takes place 



No artificial fertilizer can be made to answer the 

 purposes of such a guano. The secret of nature's 

 manipulations, by which these valuable elements are 

 combined, and so perfectly adapted to their use, is not 

 revealed. Convinced of this fact, and to meet the 

 wants of such a guano, this article is offered. 



The result is obtained by combining the best Pe- 

 ruvian, (a damaged or inferior ariicle cannot be used,) 

 with the richest Phosphatic Guanoes, by which 

 means the ammonia is diminished, and the phosphates 

 largely increased. 



The guanoes are manipulated by a process entirely 

 new, by which they are rendered as uniformly, as in- 

 timately and perfectly integrated,. as if the article was 

 taken from the original deposit in the condition it is 

 offered. Every particle of the one is brought into 

 the closest possible union with the other, so that when 

 applied to the soil, a mutual action takes place, by 

 which the Phosphate of Lime is rendered soluble by 

 the action of the Ammonia, and thus placed in a con- 

 dition to be immediately assimilated by the plant; and 

 the Ammonia on the contrary is rendered more perma- 

 nent by the reverse action of the Phosphate -of Lime. 

 By the manipulation of this process, another and great 

 advantage is obtained; the article is presented in the 

 form of a fine powder, being entirely free from the 

 hard particles which are so objectionable in all guan- 

 oes ; and these lumps in Peruvian Guano are frequent- 

 ly the richest in Ammonia, but their value is lost to a 

 considerable extent by the consumer's inability to put 

 them in a proper condition foi»use. 



No comparison can be made between this article 

 and any manufactured fertilizer. It not only contains 

 more of the elements, but they are the elements as 

 they exist in the best guanoes, and hence are not lia- 

 ble to the variations which are sometimes the result 

 of manufacturing processes. The prejudice there- 

 fore which justly exists among the consumers of gua- 

 no against manufactured fertilizers, cannot weigh 

 against this article, as it is nothing else than the am- 

 nia and phosphates combined, as they are handed to 

 us by nature in the forms of the best guanoes, to meet 

 an obvious want that cannot be obtained in any 

 other way." It is offered entirely free from any thing 

 like disguise (its name telling exactly what it pur- 

 ports to be), from an honest conviction and a clear 

 consciousness, that it will prove a saving to the 

 farmer, with, an equal immediate return, and a far more 

 permanent benefit, than can be obtained by the use of 

 any guano known in the market. The theory upon 

 which it is offered will not be gainsayed, and experi- 

 ence has proved its value. 



The manipulated guano is offered in two forms, des- 

 ignated with the marks No. 1 and No. 2. The No. 1 

 is warranted to contain over 8 per cent, of Ammonia, 

 and from 45 to 50 per cent, of Phosphate of Lime, and 

 is sold at $45 per ton of 2000 pounds. The No. 2 is 

 warranted to contain by analysis, over h\ per cent, of 

 Ammonia, and from 50 to 55 per cent, of Bone Phos- 

 phate of Lime, and is sold at $40 per ton of 2000 

 pounds. Every bag is stenciled with the name of the 

 article, and the name of the manipulator with the mark 

 of No. 1 or No. 2. The price of the "Manipulated 

 Guano" will be governed by the market price of Peru 

 vian. A decline in one will be followed by a corres- 

 ponding" decline in the other. 



The use of this article cannot be regarded as an ex- 

 periment, for the elements which give value to it are 

 known. If it contain what it is represented to contain, 

 and ice defy the contrary to be shown, it needs no ex- 

 periment to prove its value. 



The advantages this guano possesses over Peruvian, 

 and consequently over all other, are the following : 

 First, it is cheaper ; secondly, it is more permanent in 

 effect, inasmuch as it. contains double the quantity of 

 mineral elements ; thirdly, the product of grain will 

 be greater", better developed and heavier, because it af- 



