Sbft. 7, 1895.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



211 



merely imitating sounds as sounds, and not sounds as rep- 

 resenting ideas. That animals have a certain limited 

 power of communication it is idle to attempt to deny. 

 We see it every day. The sentinel crow has a note of 

 alarm easily understood by the rest of the flock, and the 

 fact that a sentinel is posted is conclusive proof that the 

 crow has foresight, forethought and reason as well as 

 memory. It also shows a power of communication when 

 one or two are assigned to the duties of sentinel, and 

 accept and perform them. 



Dogs have a much greater power of communicating 

 their ideas, and they learn the peculiarities of their mas- 

 ters and adapt themselves to them . One will even learn to 

 interpret the expression of countenance of his master, and 

 can tell whether he is pleased or displeased. 



That they have fears which are supersensory or super- 

 natural is shown by the fear and anger displayed at 

 some object or shadow at night so indistinct that they 

 cannot determine what it is. All this shows that they 

 have imagination, but whether it is a rudimentary imag- 

 ination, or whether it is of the same kind as that of man, 

 but lesser in degree, is what I cannot determine. 



The Rev. Mr. Adams, having given this matter deep in- 

 vestigation, could give us valuable information if he will 

 be pleased to do so. All the life of man, it is true, has its 

 counterpart in the life of the dog and other animals. His 

 brain, nerves, muscles, senses, organic life, etc., are on 

 the same plan as that of man. But, as I understand it, 

 the immortality of man is determined by things outside 

 of material phenomena. So for myself, I hope the dog 

 is conceded a place in the hereafter commensurate with 

 his honesty and devotion, and the unselfish life he lives 

 on earth. That an animal of the dog's high development 

 should be doomed to total destruction is not reconcilable 

 to any theory of justice which man teaches or is taught. 



Ego. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



Aug. 10 Forest and Stream contained a criticism of 

 Rev. Charles J. Adams's book on the immortality of the 

 dog. Your correspondent "Ego" undertakes to prove 

 that the dog cannot inherit life hereafter, but implies that 

 man can, So far as man is concerned he does not take 

 issue with the Rev. Mr. Adams. Both believe in man's 

 immortality. 



I can heartily endorse all that the Rev. Mr. Adams 

 claims for the intelligence of the dog. but when he asks 

 me to grant immortality because of this intelligence I 

 sharply draw the line. The dog's intelligence does not 

 prove immortality, neither does man's. 



The Rev. Mr. Adams proves beyond a doubt that the 

 dog possesses all the attributes of man. "Ego" takes 

 exception to this and advances ideas to disprove it. I 

 wish to take the side of the dog and briefly answer "Ego's" 

 main points of argument. Remember that Rev. Mr. 

 Adams proves to his own satisfaction that the dog has 

 the same organic life as man, and that his intelligence 

 proves that his mental attributes are much the same. In 

 answer to this "Ego" writes: 



"Granting the similarity of physical life and manifes- 

 tation, I think there is such a wide difference in the 

 mentality of man and dogs and man and all the lower 

 animals as to destroy all analogy from which to draw so 

 broad a conclusion. The circumstances which match 

 each other are too few and too unimportant for the con- 

 clusion, and there are many circumstances in man's 

 mentality which have no counterpart in that of the dog. 

 For instance the power of speech is absent in the dog; the 

 imagination, whose grasp is but little short of infinity in 

 man, is absent in the dog." 



What are the circumstances that match each other and 

 are "too few" and "too unimportant?" Let me enumer- 

 ate some of the traits held by both dog and man: Fear, 

 courage, hate, anger, joy, sorrow, sympathy, reflection, 

 memory, affection, jealousy, ambition, grief, foresight, 

 anticipation and the power to dream. Are these com- 

 mon traits "too few?" Are they "too unimportant?" 

 Why, they contain about all there is to make life worth 

 living. "Ego" asserts in answer that these traits possessed 

 by the dog "have all a direct use in his animal existence." 

 So they have, and also have a direct use in man's exist- 

 ence. It would be impossible for man to exist without 

 them. "Ego's" statement that speech and imagination 

 are absent in the dog is made to show that the latter can- 

 not possess immortality. Do speech and imagination 

 prove man's immortality, and if so, where is the proof 

 outside of assertion? 



According to science speech is a matter of evolution. 

 The hands were used at first in communicating ideas by 

 signs; speech was unknown. As a reminder of this sign 

 language speech is either left or right-handed — that is, if 

 one is left-handed the knowledge of speech is located in 

 the right brain, and if right-handed in the left brain. 

 Just as some of the early sign-makers used the left or 

 right hand in sign speech. Speech is the child of evolu- 

 tion. The infant does not inherit it as a proof of im- 

 mortality, but must acquire it through the teachings of 

 those who, when infants, were likewise taught. If a 

 child is born deaf and remains so through life it can 

 never enjoy the boon of speech. This is verified in that 

 unfortunate class the deaf mutes. They live in a world 

 of speech and yet cannot acquire the power to utter the 

 simplest words. Their vocal organs may be perfect, but 

 they cannot acquire speech because their organs of hear- 

 ing are defective. A dog can convey more ideas in his 

 bark than a deaf mute can in his guttural explanation. 



The dog cannot acquire human speech not because his 

 hearing is defective, for it is not, but for the simple rea- 

 son that he does not possess the human vocal organs. 



In a degree the dog does possess speech, not "Ego's" 

 speech, but speech nevertheless. 



Speech is the power to convey ideas by articulate 

 sounds. Will "Ego" assert that the dog does not possess 

 this power? 



The master can tell by his dog's bark whether a friend 

 or a stranger approaches. 



From my hammock, during the night, I hear the dogs 

 pass word from house to house along a distant highway, 

 warning the approach of a team or foot passer. If a 

 tramp passes there is a note of warning in the bark of 

 each dog which I readily understand. But it is not worth 

 while to argue on this line, for everyone lucky enough to 

 own an intelligent dog knows that the animal can convey 

 ideas by articulate sounds and that constitutes speech. 

 The wild dog does not bark, so it would seem that the 

 domesticated dog has advanced through evolution far on 

 the road toward speech. 



When "Ego" claims that the dog lacks imagination, I 

 shall have to ask him for proof. I think I can prove to 

 the contrary. When he asserts that the dog "so far as we 

 know has neither conception nor longing for a future 

 state," he forgets that a large number of human beings 

 are in the same category— that countless numbers do not 

 "understand the glories of a future life" any more than 

 does the dog. It is a fact, beyond a doubt, that the dog 

 possesses all the attributes of man, and that intelligence 

 is a matter of degree^ 



The gulf between a dog and the native Tasmanian 

 (tribe now extinct) is not as wide as the gulf between the 

 Tasmanian and a Daniel Webster. 



In the economy of nature it is inevitable that some 

 animal shall be above all others. Man is that animal, but 

 it does not prove his immortality any more than the fact 

 that the dog is higher than many other animals proves his 

 immortality. 



Both man and dog belong to the animal kingdom. 

 Their organic life is the same. Their mental attributes 

 differ in degree only. Beyond this there can be but mere 

 conjecture ; give the dog the benefit of the doubt. 



Hermit. 



Gloucester, Aug. 26. 



The Proposed Rule Against Cropping. 



Tuckahoe. N. Y., Aug. 30.— Editor Forest and Stream: 

 As the American Kennel Club will act on the above pro- 

 posed rule at its next meeting, Sept. 12, I beg to say a 

 few words against it. Of course, nobody will construe 

 my remarks as hostile to the A. K. C, as I am, and 

 always have been, one of its staunchest admirers and 

 supporters; but in this case I am compelled to say that 

 this rule should never be adjudicated in its present state 

 by the A. K. C. As far as I can comprehend the scope of 

 the A. K. C. , it is formed for the benefit of the dog in 

 regard to upholding honesty and fairness in dealing, and 

 showing and fostering knowledge and understanding of 

 man's best friend, through the consolidation of the dif- 

 ferent specialty and kennel clubs getting the necessary 

 power to enforce such rules. 



But these are only in regard to the general conduct of 

 doggy affairs, and correctly so, whereas this proposed 

 cropping rule is a direct interference with the rights of 

 breeders not under direct jurisdiction or adjudication of 

 the A. K. C, and only an imitative sentimentalism, which 

 should better be left to the Society for the Prevention of 

 Cruelty to Animals, where its proper sphere is. If the 

 specialty clubs, whose special hobby is a cropped breed, 

 should take this question up among themselves, and then 

 ask the A. K. C. to enforce their arrived-at decision, it 

 would be on a different and correct basis; but in its pres- 

 ent state the majority of delegates have no special knowl- 

 edge of these breeds, and will of course decide in the pop- 

 ular way, so as not to have the name to foster cruelty. 

 I personally would not think of cropping a dog myself, 

 and keep no great Danes for this reason. But because I 

 like to take a glass of beer when I am thirsty, I do not see 

 my right to deride my neighbor who likes whisky and 

 seltzer better, and leave this to his own liking and judg- 

 ment; and so should this question be lei t to those inter- 

 ested in cropped breeds, and not be compelled to do what 

 a number of men have decreed for them, of what they 

 very likely know no more than they do of how their tailor 

 fits their clothes till they wear them, when they mighty 

 quick discover any ill fit. 



The strongest point I can think of is the reason why this 

 rule has been evidently proposed — I mean the enactment 

 by the English Kennel Club of such a rule, as the case will 

 be plainly solved over there. Most or all cropped breeds 

 are imported year after year in the best specimens from 

 England, who are the breeders and have some semblance 

 of right thereof, but we can hardly pose as yet prominent 

 in any of the aforesaid breeds, and therefore undertake 

 to make rules for foreign countries, as in the case of the 

 great Dane, for instance. If any unbiased dogman could 

 see a cropped great Dane next to an uncropped one, he 

 certainly would exclaim: "No, give me the cropped one 

 every time," and in this breed the proposed rule means 

 plain and simple prohibition of importation, as we have 

 to import our material from Germany, and they certainly 

 will crop, rule or no rule. Such would evidently be the 

 result; and if the A. K. C. was created for such ultimate 



Olita c. b.. 



Trust Me fln. . . , 



Trilby fln.... 



Question c. b... 



Etbelwynn.. ...... c. b... 



L'Indienne... c. d... 



F & R c. b... 



reason, I doubt it very much. Especially where England 

 is solving the question for us I again say earnestly, let the 

 natural way oi non-interference have its course. If spe- 

 cialty clubs take this matter up, all right, but until then 

 do not be more Catholic than the Pope, and leave this 

 matter over here to the society with the long name 

 whose aims and tenor I indorse in general very heartily. 



G. Mcss-Arnolt, 



Continental Trials. 



Morris, Manitoba, Sept. 3.— [Special to Forest and 

 Stream.'] The weather is warm, and the birds not plenti- 

 ful. There is a good attendance. The Derby work has been 

 poor. There were nineteen starters, and the stake was 

 finished this afternoon. Winners: First, Sam T. Second, 

 Ightfield, Mentor and Tory Fashion. Third divided by 

 Brighton Dick, Fen Follett, Sister Sue and Rex. Fourth 

 divided by Lady Rush, Domino, Gleam's Dart, Gleam's 

 Rush and Stridemore. The All- Age begins this afternoon. 



B. Watebs. 



Put a Peg Here. 



The Manitoba All-Age Stake entries show a list of 

 twenty-two pointers to twenty -nine setters. That is a big 

 difference from the entries not so many years back when 

 the setters had big majorities. And a total of fifty -one for 

 the stake deserves a peg, too. 



National Beagle Club of America. 



New Yoek, Aug. 20. — A field trial committee meeting 

 of the National Beagle Club of America will be held at 

 the rooms of the American Kennel Club, 55 Liberty street, 

 this city, Monday, Sept. 9, at 3:30 P. M. 



George W. Rogers, Sec'y. 



Irish Setter Club Trials. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



The Irish Setter Club will hold their trials as advertised 

 on Dec. 2, 3 and 4, providing the Continental trials are 

 finished by that time, and if not then as soon as they are 

 over. 



The club has decided to open the All-Aged Stake to all 

 Irish setters, thus allowing previous winners to compete. 

 This should greatly increase our entries and help make 

 the trials a success. 



With such dogs as Bedford Finglas, Currer Belle IV. 

 and other winners entered in the All- Aged Stake it would 

 be well worth seeing. Mr. W. S. Bell will judge. 



George H. Thomson, 



Sec'y I. S. Ci, Room 22, 400 Chestnut st., Philadelphia. 



Montreal Show. 



Montreal, Aug. 29.— An error in the entry forms of 

 the Toronto Industrial Exhibition Dog Show reads that 

 the fee for registering and listing is 50 cents per dog. The 

 fee for registration is $1, and that for listing 25 cents for 

 each dog. In class 45, Irish setters, the prize should read 

 $10 instead of $20 for first. The entries will close posi- 

 tively on Sept. 9, and must be in my hands on or before 

 that date. Geo. K. Lanigan, 



Secretary and Superintendent. 



Box 692, Montreal, Canada. 



New England Field Trials. 



Taunton, Mass., Aug. 29.— It looks now as though we 

 were going to have a very successful stake and a nice 

 entry of dogs. We have lots of birds on our grounds for 

 this part of the country, and if they are not driven to the 

 swamps and thickets before our trials, it will be more sat- 

 isfactory than ever before. Arthur R. Sharp, Sec'y. 



kchting. 



FIXTURES. 



SEPTEMBER. 



7. First international race, 



7. San Francisco cruise to Mare Island, San Francisco Bay, 



7. Revere open, Marblebead (Mass.) Bay. 



7. Larchmont, 34 and 21ft. classes, Sound. 



7. Royal Nova Scotia, open handicap, Halifax. 



7. Royal Canadian, Prince of Wales cup, Toronto. 

 7-8-9. Ewcinal, cruise to San Mateo, San Francisco Bay. 

 7-8-9. California, cruise to Napa River, San Francisco Bay. 

 7-8-9. Corinthian, cruise to Martinez, San Francisco Bay. 



8. San Francisco squadron sail, San Francisco Bay. 



9. San Francisco sail to Sausalito, San Francisco Bay. 



12. Sea Cliff special, Sound. 



13. Cor., Atlantic City Record, Atlantic City. 



14. Larchmont, schooners and 34ft. and 21ft. classes, Sound. 

 14. Royal Canadian, 27ft. class, Toronto. 



14. Royal Nova Scocia, open handicap, Halifax. 



14-15. California, sail to Goat Island, San Francisco Bay. 



15. Cor., regatta, San Francisco Bay. 



19. Larchmont, 34 and 21ft. classes, Sound. 

 21. Huguenot cruiser's race, New Rochelle Sound. 

 21. Larchmont, schooners, 34 and 21£t. classes, Sound. 

 21. Royal Canadian, 32 and 18ft. classes, Toronto. 



The Seawanhaka International Challenge Cup. 



Outside of the sailing of the large singlestickers, the trial races of 

 the Seawanhaka Corinthian Y. C. for the selection of a defending 

 boat to meet the English challenger Mr. J. Arthur Brand in the races 

 for the club's new international challenge cup have proved quite as 

 exciting and interesting as anything yet seen this season. Though 

 fewer boats started than first expected, there were enough to make a 

 good race, and as at the start most of them were entirely unknown, 

 the result was quite beyond conjecture. It is a matter of regret now 

 that more types were not represented; the presence of a Clapham 

 boat and a Dyer boat would have added still more to the interest, and 

 such experiments cost but little in so small a class; but in spite of the 

 long notice given, yachtsmen have only since tne trial races begun to 

 realize the possibilities of keen sport at a moderate outlay which the 

 class afforus. If one starts in the right way it is easily possible to 

 spend a thousand dollars in a silk and mahogany creation, but on the 

 other hand the winner cost considerably less than this, and the boat 

 which won third place in the three races is said to have cost just $35 

 for material, the work being done by her owners, and it is safe to say 

 that she could be duplicated of a lighter and much improved construc- 

 tion, with good sails and a bronze instead of a steel centerboard, for 

 8100. 



The racing as it was included many different types, Mr. Herreshoff 

 in particular being represented by one of his best fln models and by 

 an extreme up-to-date centerboard boat specially designed and con- 

 structed for the class, while it would be hard to find anything more 

 extreme in the direction of the flat scow or "flying pontoon" type 

 than Question. The list of yachts, owners and crews Is as follows: 



Builder. Helmsman. Crew. 



.Herreshoff Mfg. Co O. B. Vaux R. B. Burchard. 



.Herreshoff Mfg. Co C. M. Clark. K. Whiting. 



.Wood & Son C. Olmstead C. J. Pierce. 



.L. P. Huntington, Jr L.B.Huntington Philip Howard. 



.St. Lawrence Co B. C. Ball C. J. Field. 



.Newell & McAleece R. Outwater F. B. Jones. 



.F. & R. Wyekofl* F. Wyckoff R. Wyckoff. 



The conditions of the rages were as follows: Trial races to select the 

 defender for the year 1S95 of the Seawanhaka International Challenge 

 Cup for small yachts, Aug. 26, 27, 28. 



Prize. — A prize is offered by a member of the club in memory of the 

 late Robert Center, to be known as the Center helmsman's prize. 



Under the terms of gift it will be awarded to the ''amateur helms- 

 man who, in the judgment of the race committee, bandies his boat in 

 the most seamanlike manner from the preparatory signal of the first 

 to the flniBh of the last tiial race." 



Courses.— (1.) The course for the first and third trial races shall be 

 triangular and shall be as follows: 



Triangular Course.— From a line between Center Island buoy and 

 the committee steamer anchored S.E. of the same, E. by N.^N. — 2 

 miles to and around a mark bearing a red flag or ball, leaving it on the 

 port hand; N.W.— 2 miles to and around a mark bearing a red flag or 

 ball, leaving it on the port hand; S. by W.J^W.— 2 miles to the finish 

 line between Center Island buoy and the committee steamer anchored 

 N.W. of the same. Course to be sailed over twice; total distance 12 

 nauLical miles. On the second round yachts will leave Center Island 

 buoy on the port hand. 



Note.— The race committee may, in their discretion, direct the course 

 to be sailed in the reverse direction, leaving buoy and marks on the 

 starboard hand, and the signal for such reversal of course will be the 

 anchoring of the committee Bteatner at the start to the N . W. of Center 

 Island buoy. In this case the committee steamer will be anchored 

 S.E. of Center Island buoy at the finish. 



(2.) The course for the second trial race shall be a course to wind- 

 ward or leeward and return. 



Course to Windward or Leeward and Return.— From a line between 

 Center Island buoy and the committee ateamer to and around a mark 

 bearing a red flag or ball, leaving it on the starboard hand; distance 

 3 miles and return; course to be sailed over twice; total distance, 12 

 nautical miles. The direction will be signaled by the general yacht 

 signal code from the committee steamer at least fitteen minutes before 

 the preparatory signal. 



The start will be a one-gun flying start with a preparatory signal, 

 and will be made at 12 o'clock noon across a line between Center 

 Island buoy and the committee steamer. 



First Signal.— Preparatory. Whistle (15 seconds long). The club 

 burgee on the committee steamer will be lowered and a blue peter 

 hoisted. There will be an interval of five minutes between the first 

 and second signals. 



Second Signal.— Start. Whistle (15 seconds long). The blue peter 

 will be lowered and a red ball hoisted. 



SPECIAL CONDITIONS. 



(1.) The yacht selected to defend the cup shall be the one which, in 



Owner. Designer. 



H. C. Rouse N. G. Herresnoff......... 



CM. Clark N. Q. Herreshoff 



G. Tyson C. Olmstead 



L. B. HuntiDgton, Jr . . .L. P. Huntington, Jr.. . . 



C J. Field W. P. Stephens 



R. Outwater T. F. Newell 



F. & R. Wyckoff F. & R. Wyckoff 



