54 Dr. A. D. Waller. Various Inclinations of the 



There is at first sight a flagrant discrepancy between the effects of respira- 

 tion upon the two types of heart. The only case in which the effect is similar 

 in both is that of the transverse lead. The provisional rule framed 

 above for the vertical heart — inspiratory weakening of strong leads and 

 strengthening of weak leads — is evidently inapplicable to the horizontal 

 heart. The cases of the right superior and left inferior (decreased 

 negative spike) are indeed amenable to it, since decreased negative as well 

 as increased positive amount to electrical strengthening. But the cases of 

 the left superior and right inferior, where after some uncertainty it became 

 clear that a positive spike is increased for the horizontal, decreased for 

 the vertical heart, are in apparent contradiction of the rule. 



Graphically expressed the angles in the two subjects B. 0. B. and A. D. W. 

 in inspiration and in expiration are as follows : — 



Exp 95 



F F 



B.O.B. A.D.W 



Fig. 4. — Diagrams to indicate the value of the axial angle a in inspiration and in 

 expiration of the subjects B. O. B. and A. D. W., calculated from the electromotive 

 values of the right and left superior spikes and of the right and left inferior spikes. 



B. O. B. 



tan a. 



A. D. W. 



tan a. 



Supr. insp 

 Supr. exp. 

 Inf. insp. 

 Inf. exp. . . 



18-7 -5 

 18 + 7-5 

 26-5 



26 + 5 

 , 24-14 

 '24 + 14 

 , 27 "5-6 

 '27-5 + 6 



= £i =0-68 



10 -5 

 25 -5 

 21 

 31 

 20 

 38 



43 

 33 -5 



41 



= — = 53 



= 1 -28 



22 

 34 

 28 

 52 



10 + 2-5 12-5 



10-2-5 

 7-5 + 5 

 7 5-5 



, 6-6 



'6 + 6 



, 9 + 13 

 9-13 



7 5 

 12 -5 

 2 -5 

 



44 

 -4 



= 1 -67 



-11 



59 

 79 

 90 

 95 



But the general relations between the varying " strengths " of leads in 

 different hearts and in different phases of respiration will become most clear 



