186 Prof. H. E. Armstrong and Mr. H. W. Gosney. 

 Thus, on hydrolysing 5 grm. of oil by - 31 e.c. of water: — 



Time 



Percentage of 

 acid liberated 



Percentage of 

 glycerol liberated 



Mols. acid per mol. 

 glycerol 



hours 









1 



31 -0 



24 -5 



3-8 



2 



45 -6 



36-8 



3-7 



8 



61 -8 



46 -3 



4-0 



Conversely, when the synthesis is effected in presence of water, less 

 glycerol is combined than when no water is added ; that is to say, the 

 glycerides formed are more saturated. Thus, in presence of 0"62 c.c, 

 i.e., 6 molecules of water : — 



Time 



Percentage of 

 acid combined 



Percentage of 

 glycerol combined 



Mols. acid per mol. 

 glycerol 



hours 









2 



7-7 



12 -0 



1-9 



8 



11-9 



15-0 



2 -4 



70 



15 -2 



18 -5 



2-5 



An excess of glycerol not only alters the equilibrium so that a greater 

 proportion of acid is combined but also influences the nature of the product, 

 which then contains a smaller proportion of acid : thus the composition of 

 the product of the interaction of two molecular proportions of glycerol and 

 three molecular proportions of acid was found to be as follows : — 



Table IX. 



Time 



Percentage of 

 acid combined 



Percentage of 

 glycerol combined 



Mols. acid combined 

 per mol. glycerol 



hours 









1 



6-3 



7-1 



1-3 



2 



11 -1 



9-5 



1 -8 



4 



21 -2 



17 -0 



1-9 



8 



38 "2 



30 -2 



1 -9 



17 



49-7 



41 -0 



1-8 



50 



55 -7 



45 '4 



1-8 



From these results, it is not improbable that the main product is a 

 diglyceride : in other words, that, as is to be expected, the two primary 

 hydroxyl groups of glycerol are first affected. 



Some of the product of the interaction of the acids from olive oil with an 

 excess of glycerol was isolated by evaporating off the alcohol after neutralising 

 the unchanged acid and extracting the soap solution with ether. About 



