468 Drs. Herring and Simpson. Relation of the [May 31, 



In the dog's liver there is, then, as Browicz originally stated, good evidence 

 that red blood corpuscles pass into the liver cells and are broken down there. 

 Haemoglobin readily crystallises in the dog, which may account for its 

 presence in a crystalline form in the liver cells of this animal. Further 

 search may show similar crystals in the liver cells of other animals, although 

 we have ourselves failed to find them, nor have we succeeded in finding 

 them in the dog in unfixed and unstained sections. 



The Lymphatics of the, Liver. (Observations of Previous Lnquirers?) 

 The lymphatics of the liver were investigated by Mascagni, Cruickshank, 

 Lauth, Arnold and Sappey. As a result of the work of these and other 

 anatomists arose the classical division of the liver lymphatics into a superficial 

 and a deep set. The method employed by the older investigators was that of 

 injection with quicksilver, whereby the vessels were distended and made 

 clearly visible. 



Kiernan (33), in 1833, stated that when the bile ducts are injected with 

 fluid the injection material frequently passes into the lymphatics, and that 

 even the injection of the portal vein or hepatic artery may be followed by a 

 like result. Beale (4), in 1859, made use of this fact to inject the lymphatics 

 of the ox's liver. He perfused water through the portal vein at a moderately 

 high pressure until the main lymphatic trunks were distended. A cannula 

 was then tied into one trunk and the liver subjected to pressure to squeeze 

 out the fluid. When the lymphatics were thus emptied an injection of 

 coloured material was made through the cannula ; sections of the liver were 

 subsequently cut and examined. Beale described lymph vessels on the 

 surface of the liver and in the portal spaces, and thought they might occur 

 inside the lobules, but he had not sufficient -evidence to make a positive 

 statement on this point. Teichmann (59), in 1861, described the lymphatics 

 of the human liver. A superficial set forming an irregular network below the 

 peritoneal coat passes by the ligamentum suspensorium to the diaphragm, and 

 through it to join the thoracic duct. On the concave surface of the liver the 

 superficial vessels unite near the gall bladder, some pass to the convex surface 

 of the liver, some to the portal vein, and others sink into the substance of the 

 liver to join the deep set. The latter vessels accompany and surround the 

 branches of the portal vein, hepatic artery and bile ducts, and run between 

 the lobules, but Teichmann could not follow them into the lobules. The 

 injection mass frequently passed through the lobules as far as the central 

 vein. Teichmann could not satisfy himself that it was in lymphatics. The 

 deep set runs to lymphatic glands along the portal vein and then into the 

 thoracic duct. 



