﻿Expenditure 
  and 
  Food 
  Requirements 
  of 
  Women 
  Workers. 
  49 
  

  

  during 
  work 
  (see 
  later). 
  They 
  continued 
  in 
  good 
  health 
  during 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  

   the 
  observations, 
  care 
  being 
  taken 
  to 
  discontinue 
  the 
  working 
  experiments 
  

   during 
  the 
  period 
  of 
  eatamenia, 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  exclude 
  a 
  possible 
  influence 
  of 
  

   this 
  factor.* 
  The 
  respiration 
  and 
  pulse 
  rate 
  was 
  recorded 
  in 
  the 
  experiments 
  

   made 
  in 
  the 
  resting, 
  sitting, 
  and 
  standing 
  positions, 
  but 
  their 
  observation 
  was 
  

   not 
  found 
  feasible 
  during 
  the 
  working 
  experiments. 
  The 
  diet 
  of 
  the 
  subjects 
  

   was 
  the 
  ordinary 
  mixed 
  diet 
  in 
  which, 
  under 
  the 
  war 
  conditions 
  then 
  

   prevailing, 
  the 
  share 
  of 
  carbohydrates 
  may 
  perhaps 
  have 
  been 
  larger 
  than 
  

   normally. 
  Their 
  meals 
  during 
  working 
  hours 
  were 
  consumed 
  in 
  the 
  refectory 
  

   provided 
  by 
  the 
  authorities 
  and 
  were 
  probably 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  of 
  uniform 
  

   character. 
  

  

  The 
  energy 
  expenditure 
  per 
  hour 
  and 
  per 
  square 
  metre 
  of 
  body 
  surface 
  has 
  

   been 
  taken 
  as 
  the 
  basis 
  for 
  comparison 
  of 
  the 
  results,^ 
  and 
  in 
  order 
  to 
  enable 
  

   comparison 
  with 
  previous 
  work 
  the 
  calorie 
  expenditure 
  calculated 
  per 
  kilo- 
  

   gramme 
  of 
  body 
  weight 
  per 
  hour 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  included. 
  The 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  

   surface 
  was 
  calculated 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  formula 
  of 
  D. 
  and 
  E. 
  F. 
  Du 
  Bois* 
  

   from 
  which 
  a 
  chart 
  was 
  constructed 
  on 
  a 
  scale 
  sufficiently 
  large 
  to 
  read 
  the 
  

   value 
  to 
  the 
  third 
  place 
  of 
  decimals. 
  

  

  The 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  subjects 
  (without 
  clothes) 
  was 
  recorded 
  by 
  Mrs. 
  M. 
  C. 
  

   Eosenheim, 
  to 
  whom 
  I 
  am 
  also 
  indebted 
  for 
  much 
  valuable 
  assistance 
  during 
  

   the 
  whole 
  course 
  of 
  these 
  experiments. 
  The 
  statistical 
  data 
  of 
  the 
  subjects 
  

   are 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  Table 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  * 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  shown 
  by 
  L. 
  Zuntz, 
  ' 
  Arch. 
  f. 
  Gynakol.,' 
  vol. 
  78, 
  p. 
  106 
  (1906), 
  that 
  the 
  

   normal 
  gaseous 
  metabolism 
  is 
  not 
  disturbed 
  by 
  menstruation, 
  

   t 
  See 
  G. 
  Lusk, 
  ' 
  Science 
  of 
  Nutrition 
  ' 
  (1917), 
  p. 
  124. 
  

   I 
  'Arch. 
  Int. 
  Med.,' 
  vol. 
  17, 
  p. 
  863 
  (1916). 
  

  

  VOL. 
  XCI. 
  — 
  B. 
  E 
  

  

  