﻿140 
  

  

  Dr. 
  H. 
  H. 
  Dale. 
  

  

  loses 
  its 
  sensitiveness 
  and 
  becomes 
  as 
  indifferent 
  to 
  the 
  antigen 
  as 
  normal 
  

   muscle. 
  The 
  same 
  phenomenon 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  guinea-pig 
  which 
  has 
  recovered 
  

   from 
  a 
  non-fatal 
  shock 
  ; 
  for 
  the 
  time 
  it 
  behaves 
  like 
  a 
  normal 
  animal 
  to 
  

   further 
  injections, 
  and 
  only 
  slowly 
  reacquires 
  its 
  sensitiveness. 
  In 
  such 
  an 
  

   animal 
  the 
  reactive 
  antibody 
  has 
  temporarily 
  disappeared. 
  Figs. 
  6 
  and 
  7 
  

   illustrate 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  this 
  condition 
  in 
  vitro. 
  To 
  this 
  phenomenon 
  of 
  

   desensitization 
  the 
  name 
  "antianaphylaxis" 
  has 
  been 
  applied. 
  Unfortunately, 
  

   it 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  used 
  for 
  an 
  entirely 
  different 
  condition. 
  If 
  a 
  guinea- 
  

   pig 
  is 
  given 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  injections 
  of 
  a 
  foreign 
  protein, 
  spaced 
  so 
  that 
  each 
  

   follows 
  in 
  succession 
  before 
  anaphylaxis 
  has 
  had 
  time 
  to 
  develop 
  — 
  e.g., 
  at 
  four 
  

   to 
  five-day 
  intervals 
  — 
  a 
  condition 
  in 
  which 
  very 
  large 
  doses 
  are 
  tolerated 
  is 
  

  

  Fig. 
  9 
  (from 
  ' 
  Journ. 
  Pharmacol, 
  and 
  Exp. 
  Therap.,' 
  vol. 
  4, 
  p. 
  206). 
  — 
  I. 
  Control 
  horn 
  of 
  

  

  normal 
  uterus. 
  II. 
  Second 
  horn 
  of 
  same 
  after 
  perfusion 
  for 
  five 
  hours 
  with 
  20 
  per 
  

  

  cent, 
  anaphylactic 
  serum. 
  At 
  A 
  and 
  B 
  0"5 
  c.c. 
  horse 
  serum. 
  

   Fig. 
  10 
  (from 
  'Journ. 
  Pharmacol, 
  and 
  Exp. 
  Therap.,' 
  vol. 
  4, 
  p. 
  194).— 
  Washed 
  plain 
  

  

  muscle 
  from 
  guinea-pig 
  rendered 
  immune 
  to 
  horse 
  serum. 
  At 
  A 
  - 
  5 
  c.c. 
  horse 
  serum 
  

  

  (in 
  250 
  c.c). 
  

  

  produced, 
  and 
  persists 
  for 
  at 
  least 
  some 
  months. 
  The 
  serum 
  of 
  such 
  an 
  

   animal 
  contains 
  abundance 
  of 
  the 
  anaphylactic 
  antibody, 
  since 
  it 
  can 
  confer 
  

   anaphylaxis 
  on 
  a 
  normal 
  animal 
  in 
  much 
  smaller 
  doses 
  than 
  the 
  serum 
  from 
  

   one 
  which 
  is 
  itself 
  anaphylactic. 
  Nevertheless, 
  the 
  plain 
  muscle 
  of 
  such 
  a 
  

   truly 
  immune 
  guinea-pig, 
  as 
  fig. 
  10 
  shows, 
  is 
  as 
  acutely 
  sensitive 
  to 
  the 
  

   immunising 
  antigen 
  as 
  that 
  from 
  one 
  which 
  is 
  anaphylactic. 
  The 
  immunity 
  

   is 
  acquired, 
  not 
  by 
  loss 
  of 
  the 
  sensitiveness 
  of 
  the 
  tissues, 
  but 
  by 
  the 
  formation 
  

   of 
  such 
  excess 
  of 
  antibody 
  that 
  the 
  reaction 
  with 
  antigen 
  is 
  completed 
  in 
  the 
  

   blood, 
  and 
  none 
  reaches 
  the 
  sensitive 
  cells. 
  

  

  These 
  experiments 
  led 
  me, 
  some 
  years 
  ago, 
  definitely 
  to 
  adhere 
  to 
  the 
  

   theory 
  which 
  regards 
  the 
  condition 
  of 
  anaphylaxis 
  as 
  differing 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  

  

  Fig. 
  9. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  10. 
  

  

  