﻿Work 
  Measured 
  by 
  the 
  Discharge 
  of 
  Carbon 
  Dioxide. 
  181 
  

  

  Labourer 
  No. 
  2. 
  

  

  Net 
  cost 
  in 
  Kalories. 
  

  

  Per 
  day. 
  

  

  Per 
  hour. 
  

  

  Per 
  hour, 
  per 
  

   sq. 
  metre. 
  

  

  Friday, 
  December 
  13* 
  

   Saturday 
  ,, 
  14f 
  

   Monday 
  „ 
  16* 
  

   Tuesday 
  „ 
  17J 
  

   "Wednesday 
  ,, 
  18J 
  

   Thursday 
  „ 
  19f 
  

  

  2431 
  

   1792 
  

   2535 
  

   1568 
  

   1288 
  

   1155 
  

  

  324 
  

   299 
  

   362 
  

   209 
  

   184 
  

   165 
  

  

  167 
  

   149 
  

   181 
  

   104 
  

   92 
  

   82 
  

  

  * 
  Piecework 
  (coaling). 
  f 
  Mixed 
  work. 
  J 
  Time-work. 
  

  

  From 
  these 
  figures 
  I 
  read 
  as 
  the 
  hourly 
  cost 
  of 
  piece-work 
  175 
  Kals 
  per 
  

   hour 
  per 
  square 
  metre 
  ; 
  of 
  time-work 
  100 
  Kals 
  per 
  hour 
  per 
  square 
  metre, 
  or 
  

   1400 
  and 
  800 
  Kals 
  per 
  day 
  of 
  eight 
  hours. 
  

  

  The 
  man-value 
  of 
  this 
  labourer 
  is 
  considerably 
  above 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  average 
  

   man 
  " 
  as 
  defined 
  by 
  the 
  Committee 
  (weight 
  89 
  kgrm., 
  surface 
  2 
  square 
  metres). 
  

   The 
  allowance 
  of 
  1900 
  calories 
  made 
  by 
  the 
  Committee 
  for 
  an 
  average 
  man 
  

   should 
  therefore, 
  be 
  increased 
  by, 
  say, 
  22 
  per 
  cent. 
  (27 
  per 
  cent, 
  according 
  to 
  

   weight, 
  17 
  per 
  cent, 
  according 
  to 
  surface), 
  raising 
  the 
  allowance 
  from 
  1900 
  to 
  

   2318. 
  The 
  total 
  food-requirements 
  of 
  this 
  labourer 
  are 
  thus 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Per 
  day 
  (8 
  hours) 
  of 
  heavy 
  work 
  (time) 
  2318 
  + 
  1600 
  = 
  3918 
  

   Of 
  heaviest 
  work 
  (piece) 
  2318 
  + 
  2800 
  = 
  5118, 
  

  

  or 
  in 
  round 
  figures, 
  4000 
  and 
  5000 
  Kalories. 
  

  

  The 
  mechanical 
  value 
  of 
  the 
  (eight-hour) 
  day's 
  work, 
  costing 
  2800 
  and 
  

   1600 
  Kals, 
  could 
  be 
  estimated 
  if 
  we 
  knew 
  the 
  " 
  physiological 
  efficiency 
  " 
  of 
  

   the 
  worker. 
  This 
  was 
  not 
  measured 
  for 
  Labourer 
  No. 
  2, 
  but 
  assuming 
  that 
  

   his 
  efficiency 
  was 
  substantially 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  that 
  measured 
  for 
  Labourer 
  No. 
  1, 
  

   viz., 
  25 
  per 
  cent., 
  the 
  calculation 
  is 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Net 
  cost. 
  

  

  Work 
  done. 
  

  

  Rate 
  of 
  work. 
  

  

  2800 
  Kals 
  

   1600 
  „ 
  

  

  700 
  Kals 
  (= 
  297,500 
  kg.-ms.) 
  

   400 
  „ 
  (= 
  170,000 
  „ 
  ) 
  

  

  -138 
  H.P. 
  

   -079 
  „ 
  

  

  It 
  will 
  be 
  instructive 
  to 
  compare 
  these 
  (high) 
  figures 
  with 
  the 
  lower 
  figures 
  

   arrived 
  at 
  by 
  direct 
  experiment 
  on 
  four 
  O.T.C. 
  cadets 
  on 
  staircase 
  work 
  (as 
  

   given 
  in 
  a 
  previous 
  memorandum 
  to 
  the 
  Committee 
  on 
  the 
  Expression 
  of 
  

   Man-Power 
  in 
  terms 
  of 
  Horse-Power, 
  September 
  30th, 
  1918). 
  The 
  pertinent 
  

   figures 
  given 
  in 
  this 
  memorandum 
  are 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  vol. 
  xci. 
  — 
  B. 
  

  

  