﻿244 
  Dr. 
  A. 
  D. 
  Waller. 
  The 
  Physiological 
  Cost 
  of 
  Muscular 
  

  

  it 
  would 
  then 
  be 
  20*8 
  metres, 
  and 
  its 
  work 
  values 
  as 
  now 
  calculated 
  would 
  

   have 
  to 
  be 
  raised 
  by 
  4 
  per 
  cent. 
  

  

  Ordinary 
  walking 
  at 
  moderate 
  speeds, 
  between 
  3 
  and 
  4 
  miles 
  per 
  hour, 
  is 
  an 
  

   exercise 
  common 
  to 
  workers 
  of 
  all 
  classes, 
  " 
  sedentary 
  " 
  and 
  " 
  heavy," 
  that 
  

   affords 
  a 
  very 
  convenient 
  term 
  of 
  comparison 
  between 
  different 
  persons, 
  and 
  

   with 
  due 
  precautions 
  that 
  can 
  be 
  conveniently 
  utilised 
  for 
  their 
  calibration 
  

   in 
  terms 
  of 
  C0 
  2 
  . 
  

  

  A. 
  D. 
  W. 
  Age 
  63: 
  weight, 
  82 
  kgrm.; 
  height, 
  172 
  cm. 
  (surface, 
  T94 
  

   sq. 
  metres). 
  Horizontal 
  walk, 
  15 
  times 
  round 
  garden 
  (216 
  metres 
  per 
  

   lap), 
  i.e., 
  3240 
  metres 
  (approximately 
  two 
  miles) 
  in 
  33 
  min. 
  45 
  sec, 
  i.e. 
  T 
  

   at 
  a 
  speed 
  of 
  1*6 
  metres 
  per 
  second, 
  or 
  3|- 
  (3 
  - 
  58) 
  miles 
  per 
  hour. 
  Samples 
  

   of 
  expired 
  air 
  collected 
  at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  each 
  lap 
  for 
  35 
  sec. 
  for 
  the 
  

   first 
  three 
  laps 
  and 
  subsequently 
  every 
  third 
  lap 
  ; 
  measured 
  and 
  analysed 
  

   at 
  once 
  for 
  CO2. 
  At 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  walk, 
  50 
  sec. 
  samples 
  taken 
  at 
  each 
  

   minute 
  for 
  4 
  min., 
  then 
  at 
  2 
  min. 
  and 
  5 
  min. 
  intervals. 
  

  

  Lap. 
  

  

  Time. 
  

  

  

  Time 
  of 
  

   sample 
  

   (seconds). 
  

  

  Litres. 
  

  

  c.c. 
  per 
  sec. 
  

  

  C0 
  2 
  

   per 
  cent. 
  

  

  CO., 
  

   c.c. 
  per 
  sec. 
  

  

  

  0' 
  00" 
  

  

  At 
  rest 
  

  

  100 
  

  

  12-0 
  

  

  120 
  

  

  3-0 
  

  

  3 
  6 
  

  

  

  5 
  00 
  

  

  

  100 
  

  

  11-5 
  

  

  115 
  

  

  3 
  

  

  3 
  4 
  

  

  1 
  

  

  

  Start 
  

  

  35 
  

  

  11 
  -o 
  

  

  314 
  

  

  3-5 
  

  

  11 
  "0 
  

  

  2 
  

  

  7"T5 
  

  

  

  35 
  

  

  15-0 
  

  

  429 
  

  

  3-8 
  

  

  16-3 
  

  

  3 
  

  

  9 
  30 
  

  

  

  35 
  

  

  15 
  -0 
  

  

  429 
  

  

  4-0 
  

  

  17 
  -2 
  

  

  6 
  

  

  16 
  15 
  

  

  

  35 
  

  

  15-0 
  

  

  429 
  

  

  4*2 
  

  

  18-0 
  

  

  9 
  

  

  23 
  00 
  

  

  

  35 
  

  

  16 
  -0 
  

  

  457 
  

  

  4-0 
  

  

  18 
  -3 
  

  

  12 
  

  

  29 
  45 
  

  

  

  35 
  

  

  15-0 
  

  

  429 
  

  

  4-4 
  

  

  18 
  -8 
  

  

  15 
  

  

  36 
  30 
  

   38 
  45 
  

  

  Finish. 
  

  

  35 
  

  

  15-0 
  

  

  429 
  

  

  4*4 
  

  

  18 
  -8 
  

  

  

  40 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  15-0 
  

  

  300 
  

  

  4-0 
  

  

  12-0 
  

  

  

  41 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  10-0 
  

  

  200 
  

  

  3-8 
  

  

  7*6 
  

  

  

  42 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  8-0 
  

  

  160 
  

  

  3-5 
  

  

  5-6 
  

  

  

  43 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  7-0 
  

  

  140 
  

  

  3-3 
  

  

  4 
  6 
  

  

  

  45 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  6-0 
  

  

  120 
  

  

  3-2 
  

  

  3-8 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  

  50 
  

  

  6-0 
  

  

  120 
  

  

  3-0 
  

  

  3-6 
  

  

  Inspection 
  of 
  the 
  graph 
  shows 
  that 
  the 
  gross 
  expenditure 
  of 
  CO2 
  during 
  

   the 
  walk 
  was 
  slightly 
  above 
  18 
  c.c. 
  per 
  second, 
  the 
  resting 
  C0 
  3 
  before 
  and 
  

   after 
  the 
  walk 
  about 
  3 
  - 
  5 
  c.c. 
  ; 
  the 
  net 
  cost 
  of 
  the 
  walk 
  was 
  therefore 
  at 
  the 
  

   rate 
  of 
  14'5 
  c.c. 
  per 
  second, 
  or 
  290 
  Kals 
  per 
  hour. 
  The 
  body 
  surface 
  being 
  

   1-90 
  sq. 
  metres, 
  the 
  cost 
  was 
  152 
  Kals 
  per 
  square 
  metre. 
  The 
  net 
  cost 
  per 
  

   horizontal 
  kgrm.-metre 
  comes 
  out 
  as 
  06 
  calorie 
  approximately. 
  

  

  On 
  inspection 
  of 
  this 
  graph, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  seen 
  that 
  the 
  "resting 
  C0 
  2 
  " 
  = 
  3 
  - 
  6c.c 
  

  

  