﻿336 
  

  

  Sir 
  E. 
  Ray 
  Lankester. 
  On 
  some 
  

  

  hundreds 
  of 
  other 
  flints 
  found 
  in 
  that 
  district.* 
  Four 
  views 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  

   figs. 
  2, 
  3, 
  4, 
  and 
  5 
  of 
  the 
  actual 
  size 
  of 
  the 
  specimen. 
  I 
  also 
  reproduce 
  in 
  

   fig. 
  1 
  the 
  diagram 
  of 
  the 
  ideal 
  rostro-carinate 
  published 
  by 
  me.f 
  

  

  In 
  general 
  sculpture 
  the 
  Tcklingham 
  specimen 
  conforms 
  very 
  closely 
  to 
  the 
  

   ideal 
  diagram, 
  but 
  is 
  not 
  trimmed 
  to 
  a 
  symmetrical 
  oval 
  shape 
  posteriorly. 
  

   As 
  seen 
  from 
  above 
  (what 
  I 
  conventionally 
  call 
  " 
  the 
  dorsal 
  aspect 
  "), 
  the 
  

   mass 
  on 
  the 
  left 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  " 
  carina 
  " 
  and 
  middle 
  line 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  larger 
  

   and 
  to 
  project 
  asymmetrically 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  right 
  side. 
  The 
  maker 
  

   of 
  the 
  implement 
  attached 
  no 
  importance 
  to 
  this 
  defect 
  in 
  symmetry, 
  and 
  did 
  

   not 
  risk 
  any 
  further 
  trimming 
  of 
  the 
  piece 
  to 
  bring 
  it 
  into 
  a 
  more 
  regular 
  

   shape. 
  

  

  This 
  implement 
  has 
  obviously 
  been 
  fashioned 
  from 
  a 
  piece 
  of 
  flint 
  broken 
  

   in 
  the 
  first 
  place 
  to 
  a 
  tabular 
  form 
  with 
  ventral 
  plane 
  surface 
  and 
  dorsal 
  

   plane 
  surface. 
  The 
  dorsal 
  surface 
  consists 
  in 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  cortex 
  of 
  

   the 
  flint 
  nodule. 
  It 
  is 
  of 
  the 
  usual 
  opaque 
  white 
  finely 
  granular 
  texture. 
  

   The 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  ventral 
  surface 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  posterior 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  vertical 
  

   surface 
  (d.p., 
  fig. 
  2) 
  has 
  been 
  produced 
  by 
  ancient 
  fracture 
  (preceding 
  the 
  

   flaking 
  which 
  has 
  formed 
  the 
  sides 
  and 
  the 
  carina 
  of 
  the 
  implement), 
  and 
  is 
  

   white 
  (" 
  decomposed" 
  or 
  " 
  re-composed" 
  flint), 
  but 
  this 
  white 
  layer 
  does 
  not 
  

   extend 
  so 
  deeply 
  into 
  the 
  black 
  flint 
  as 
  does 
  the 
  more 
  primitive 
  white 
  area 
  

   of 
  cortex. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  mere 
  skin 
  of 
  1/40 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  thick, 
  whereas 
  the 
  

   primitive 
  cortex 
  is 
  1/10 
  to 
  1/5 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  thick. 
  The 
  latter 
  has 
  a 
  pale 
  

   brownish 
  tint 
  as 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  former, 
  which 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  purer 
  white. 
  The 
  

   original 
  cortex 
  is 
  finely 
  granular 
  in 
  texture, 
  whereas 
  the 
  later 
  white 
  skin 
  is 
  

   smooth 
  and 
  enamel-like, 
  and 
  tends 
  to 
  flake 
  off 
  in 
  thin 
  superficial 
  laminae 
  (as 
  

   often 
  seen 
  in 
  " 
  weathered 
  " 
  flints). 
  

  

  The 
  man 
  who 
  fashioned 
  the 
  flint 
  to 
  its 
  present 
  rostro-carinate 
  shape 
  

   obtained 
  it 
  as 
  an 
  irregular 
  block 
  of 
  superficially 
  whitened 
  or 
  decomposed 
  

   flint, 
  about 
  an 
  inch 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  to 
  2 
  inches 
  thick, 
  with 
  a 
  flat 
  upper 
  and 
  lower 
  

   surface, 
  having 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  some 
  4 
  inches 
  by 
  3 
  inches. 
  He 
  struck 
  off 
  very 
  few, 
  

   yet 
  dexterously 
  taken, 
  flakes 
  which 
  exposed 
  the 
  black 
  unchanged 
  flint 
  (fig. 
  2 
  

   a, 
  b, 
  c 
  left, 
  and 
  d, 
  e, 
  f 
  right). 
  Thus 
  were 
  shaped 
  the 
  two 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  imple- 
  

   ment, 
  converging 
  to 
  a 
  median 
  point 
  or 
  rostrum 
  (fig. 
  2, 
  ant.) 
  and 
  separated 
  by 
  

   a 
  sharp-edged 
  " 
  carina," 
  like 
  the 
  keel 
  of 
  a 
  boat's 
  bow 
  (p. 
  331 
  and 
  figs. 
  3 
  and 
  4, 
  

   car.). 
  The 
  three 
  principal 
  flakes 
  on 
  the 
  left 
  lateral 
  face, 
  lettered 
  a, 
  b, 
  c 
  in 
  

  

  * 
  Mr. 
  Moir 
  writes 
  : 
  " 
  This 
  rostro 
  may 
  be 
  late 
  Palaeolithic 
  or 
  even 
  Neolithic 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  

   other 
  hand, 
  the 
  Icklingham 
  fields 
  are 
  strewn 
  with 
  undoubted 
  glacial 
  material, 
  and 
  

   this 
  particular 
  flint 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  derived 
  from 
  some 
  pre-existing 
  glacial 
  deposit." 
  

   In 
  the 
  present 
  state 
  of 
  knowledge 
  it 
  seems 
  impossible 
  to 
  give 
  a 
  definite 
  opinion 
  as 
  to 
  

   its 
  age. 
  

  

  t 
  ' 
  Phil. 
  Trans.,' 
  B, 
  No. 
  290. 
  

  

  