﻿Rostro-carinate 
  Flint 
  Implements 
  and 
  Allied 
  Forms. 
  337 
  

  

  fig. 
  2 
  and 
  fig. 
  4, 
  have 
  all 
  been 
  struck 
  from 
  the 
  ventral 
  plane 
  upwards. 
  The 
  

   most 
  anterior 
  is 
  much 
  smaller 
  than 
  the 
  other 
  two, 
  but 
  the 
  fracture-ripple- 
  

   marks 
  in 
  each 
  case 
  demonstrate 
  the 
  site 
  and 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  blow 
  which 
  

   produced 
  them. 
  On 
  the 
  right 
  side 
  a 
  large 
  flake 
  has 
  been 
  removed 
  from 
  the 
  

   surface 
  marked 
  /, 
  the 
  ripples 
  on 
  which 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  blow 
  was 
  delivered 
  

   downwards 
  from 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  dorsal 
  platform 
  above 
  it 
  ; 
  d 
  marks 
  a 
  smaller 
  

   area 
  cleared 
  by 
  an 
  upward 
  blow, 
  probably 
  after 
  the 
  area 
  marked 
  e, 
  which 
  

   extends 
  round 
  d 
  to 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  ventral 
  plane, 
  had 
  been 
  formed. 
  The 
  

   area, 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  upper 
  half 
  is 
  marked 
  e, 
  was 
  formed 
  by 
  a 
  blow, 
  shown 
  by 
  

   the 
  ripple 
  marks 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  applied 
  vertically 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  near 
  the 
  point 
  

   where 
  in 
  fig. 
  5 
  (which 
  is 
  a 
  photograph) 
  a 
  fx 
  -shaped 
  mark 
  is 
  obvious. 
  A 
  

   small 
  centre 
  of 
  percussion 
  c.p. 
  is 
  visible 
  in 
  the 
  specimen 
  just 
  below 
  this 
  mark. 
  

   Some 
  five 
  small 
  black 
  areas 
  (some 
  unlettered, 
  but 
  two 
  marked 
  x 
  and 
  y, 
  in 
  

   figs. 
  2 
  and 
  4) 
  scattered 
  on 
  the 
  otherwise 
  white 
  hinder 
  region 
  of 
  the 
  

   implement, 
  show 
  where 
  " 
  trimming" 
  fractures 
  were 
  administered; 
  they 
  have 
  

   no 
  influence 
  on 
  the 
  important 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  implement 
  — 
  the 
  rostral 
  area 
  — 
  

   which, 
  with 
  its 
  deftly 
  shaped 
  black 
  sides 
  and 
  sharp 
  clean-cut 
  carina, 
  has 
  been 
  

   struck 
  into 
  the 
  desired 
  form 
  by 
  three 
  flakings 
  on 
  each 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  mid-line, 
  

   only 
  one 
  of 
  which 
  was 
  struck 
  downwards 
  from 
  the 
  dorsal 
  plane 
  or 
  platform. 
  

  

  In 
  most 
  rostro-carinate 
  implements, 
  the 
  flat 
  ventral 
  surface 
  itself, 
  its 
  sharp 
  

   lateral 
  edges 
  where 
  the 
  flaked 
  sides 
  cut 
  it, 
  and 
  the 
  acute 
  point 
  in 
  which 
  it 
  

   terminates 
  anteriorly, 
  are 
  what 
  appear 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  useful 
  features- 
  — 
  the 
  

   first 
  for 
  flattening 
  and 
  smoothing 
  ; 
  the 
  second 
  for 
  cutting, 
  planing, 
  and 
  

   scraping 
  ; 
  the 
  third 
  for 
  pushing 
  and 
  boring 
  wedge-wise 
  into 
  tough 
  material. 
  

   Usually 
  the 
  carina 
  (see 
  diagram, 
  fig. 
  1, 
  and 
  car. 
  in 
  figs. 
  2, 
  4, 
  and 
  5) 
  is 
  so 
  

   much 
  blunted 
  and 
  splintered 
  as 
  to 
  be 
  apparently 
  of 
  no 
  value 
  as 
  a 
  " 
  cutting 
  

   edge." 
  This 
  bluntness 
  may, 
  however, 
  as 
  Mr. 
  Eeid 
  Moir 
  thinks, 
  be 
  due 
  to 
  

   the 
  " 
  wear 
  and 
  use 
  " 
  of 
  the 
  implement, 
  and 
  the 
  carina 
  or 
  keel 
  may 
  usually 
  

   have 
  been, 
  when 
  the 
  implement 
  was 
  newly 
  produced, 
  a 
  valuable 
  cutting 
  edge. 
  

   In 
  any 
  case 
  this 
  is 
  certainly 
  true 
  of 
  the 
  Sturge 
  Icklingham 
  specimen 
  here 
  

   figured, 
  which 
  has 
  the 
  best 
  preserved 
  edge 
  to 
  its 
  carina 
  of 
  any 
  rostro-carinate 
  

   known 
  to 
  me. 
  

  

  Section 
  II. 
  — 
  The 
  Moir-Whitton 
  Yellow 
  Mid-glacial 
  No. 
  II. 
  

  

  This 
  (figs. 
  5a, 
  5b, 
  and 
  5c) 
  is 
  an 
  interesting 
  and 
  valuable 
  specimen, 
  because 
  

   it 
  is 
  a 
  thoroughly 
  typical 
  rostro-carinate 
  with 
  dorsal 
  plane 
  (fig. 
  5b 
  D.P.), 
  well 
  

   marked 
  ventral 
  plane 
  occupying 
  the 
  whole 
  ventral 
  area 
  (fig. 
  5c), 
  good 
  carina 
  

   (car.) 
  and 
  distinctly 
  uncinate 
  rostrum, 
  projecting 
  somewhat 
  below 
  the 
  ventral 
  

   plane. 
  

  

  The 
  specimen 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  uniform 
  yellowish-brown 
  colour, 
  glistening, 
  that 
  is 
  

  

  