﻿XXXVI 
  

  

  G-USTAF 
  MAGNUS 
  EETZIUS, 
  1842-1919. 
  

  

  Gustaf 
  Eetzius, 
  who 
  died 
  on 
  July 
  21, 
  1919, 
  was 
  the 
  son 
  of 
  Anders 
  Eetzius, 
  

   well 
  known 
  as 
  an 
  anatomist 
  and 
  anthropologist. 
  He 
  was 
  born 
  October 
  17, 
  

   1842. 
  He 
  first 
  became 
  known 
  as 
  a 
  histologist, 
  from 
  the 
  publication 
  of 
  a 
  

   joint 
  monograph, 
  written 
  in 
  conjunction 
  with 
  Axel 
  Key, 
  on 
  the 
  structure 
  

   and 
  arrangement 
  of 
  the 
  membranes 
  of 
  the 
  brain 
  and 
  spinal 
  cord. 
  

   Somewhat 
  later, 
  viz., 
  in 
  1872, 
  at 
  the 
  age 
  of 
  30, 
  he 
  issued 
  the 
  first 
  instalment 
  

   of 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  important 
  works 
  on 
  the 
  auditory 
  organ 
  of 
  Vertebrata, 
  " 
  Das 
  

   Gehor 
  labyrinth 
  der 
  Knochenfische." 
  Both 
  this 
  and 
  those 
  which 
  followed 
  

   contain 
  a 
  wealth 
  of 
  detail 
  regarding 
  the 
  minute 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  organ 
  of 
  

   hearing 
  in 
  all 
  classes 
  of 
  Vertebrata, 
  and 
  include 
  a 
  much 
  more 
  precise 
  

   description 
  of 
  the 
  human 
  cochlea 
  than 
  had 
  hitherto 
  been 
  furnished. 
  They 
  

   were 
  published 
  in 
  folio 
  form 
  under 
  the 
  title 
  " 
  Das 
  Gehororgan 
  der 
  Wirbel- 
  

   thiere." 
  It 
  may 
  be 
  confidently 
  stated 
  that, 
  if 
  the 
  fame 
  of 
  Gustaf 
  Eetzius 
  

   rested 
  on 
  his 
  works 
  on 
  the 
  auditory 
  organ 
  alone, 
  it 
  would 
  have 
  been 
  estab- 
  

   lished 
  upon 
  an 
  enduring 
  basis. 
  

  

  He 
  was, 
  however, 
  in 
  no 
  way 
  inclined 
  to 
  rest 
  upon 
  the 
  laurels 
  thus 
  earned, 
  

   and 
  was 
  fortunate 
  to 
  find 
  in 
  the 
  newly-described 
  methylene-blue 
  method 
  

   of 
  Ehrlich, 
  and 
  chromate 
  of 
  silver 
  method 
  of 
  Golgi, 
  invaluable 
  means 
  

   wherewith 
  to 
  pursue 
  investigations 
  upon 
  the 
  nervous 
  system, 
  which 
  from 
  

   now 
  on 
  largely 
  occupied 
  his 
  attention. 
  In 
  this 
  pursuit 
  he 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  

   restricted 
  himself 
  to 
  vertebrates, 
  but 
  employed, 
  for 
  the 
  elucidation 
  of 
  his 
  

   subject, 
  material 
  derived 
  from 
  every 
  description 
  of 
  animal 
  — 
  especially 
  

   annelids, 
  molluscs, 
  and 
  crustaceans. 
  He 
  lost 
  no 
  opportunity 
  which 
  pre- 
  

   sented 
  itself 
  of 
  obtaining 
  material 
  for 
  his 
  work 
  ; 
  the 
  writer 
  of 
  this 
  notice 
  

   well 
  remembers 
  meeting 
  him 
  one 
  morning 
  in 
  Eome 
  on 
  the 
  Palatine 
  Hill, 
  

   combining 
  archaeological 
  studies 
  with 
  a 
  search 
  for 
  scorpions 
  ! 
  

  

  The 
  numerous 
  and 
  important 
  histological 
  observations 
  which 
  Eetzius 
  

   found 
  time 
  to 
  make 
  after 
  the 
  publication 
  of 
  his 
  monographs 
  on 
  the 
  organ 
  

   of 
  hearing 
  were 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  issued 
  to 
  the 
  world, 
  not 
  by 
  the 
  ordinary 
  

   channel 
  of 
  journals 
  or 
  transactions 
  of 
  learned 
  societies, 
  but 
  collected 
  in 
  

   separate 
  folio 
  volumes, 
  replete 
  with 
  illustrations 
  ; 
  these 
  were 
  published 
  

   annually 
  during 
  many 
  years 
  under 
  the 
  title 
  " 
  Biologische 
  Untersuchungen." 
  

   This 
  procedure 
  was 
  only 
  possible 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  he 
  had 
  ample 
  

   private 
  means, 
  a 
  circumstance 
  which 
  also 
  enabled 
  him 
  to 
  present 
  the 
  

   successive 
  volumes, 
  as 
  they 
  appeared, 
  to 
  his 
  friends 
  and 
  colleagues. 
  The 
  

   Nervous 
  System 
  of 
  Crustacea 
  was 
  treated 
  of 
  in 
  a 
  separate 
  monograph 
  (1890). 
  

   His 
  studies 
  in 
  comparative 
  histology 
  enabled 
  him 
  clearly 
  to 
  demonstrate 
  

   the 
  mode 
  of 
  evolution 
  of 
  sensory 
  nerves 
  — 
  : 
  a 
  problem 
  which 
  intimately 
  

   concerns 
  the 
  whole 
  physiology 
  of 
  the 
  nervous 
  system. 
  Amongst 
  other 
  

   histological 
  subjects 
  dealt 
  with 
  in 
  his 
  works, 
  not 
  the 
  least 
  important 
  is 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  cell, 
  and 
  especially 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  generative 
  cell. 
  

  

  