﻿Gustaf 
  Magnus 
  Retzius. 
  

  

  XXXVll 
  

  

  The 
  eminence 
  of 
  Eetzius 
  as 
  a 
  histologist 
  was 
  duty 
  recognised 
  in 
  his 
  own 
  

   country 
  by 
  the 
  foundation 
  for 
  him 
  in 
  1877 
  of 
  a 
  special 
  Professorship 
  of 
  

   Histology 
  at 
  the 
  Karolinska 
  Institute 
  in 
  Stockholm. 
  He 
  did 
  not, 
  however, 
  

   hold 
  this 
  many 
  years, 
  but 
  resigned 
  the 
  position 
  in 
  1890, 
  in 
  order 
  that 
  he 
  

   might 
  be 
  free 
  to 
  carry 
  on 
  his 
  researches 
  without 
  having 
  to 
  consider 
  the 
  

   claims 
  of 
  professorial 
  duties. 
  

  

  But 
  it 
  was 
  not 
  merely 
  as 
  a 
  histologist 
  that 
  he 
  became 
  distinguished. 
  He 
  

   was 
  the 
  founder 
  (in 
  1873) 
  and 
  first 
  Secretary 
  of 
  the 
  Anthropological 
  Society 
  

   of 
  Stockholm, 
  and 
  the 
  author 
  of 
  many 
  important 
  works 
  on 
  anthropology, 
  

   of 
  which 
  those 
  on 
  Finnish 
  Crania 
  (1898), 
  and 
  on 
  Ancient 
  Swedish 
  Crania 
  

   (1899), 
  were 
  alone 
  sufficient 
  to 
  establish 
  his 
  reputation 
  as 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  

   authorities 
  on 
  the 
  subject. 
  " 
  Swedish 
  Anthropology 
  " 
  (1902) 
  was 
  written 
  

   in 
  collaboration 
  with 
  Fiirst. 
  

  

  As 
  an 
  anatomist, 
  he 
  devoted 
  special 
  attention 
  to 
  Cerebral 
  Topography, 
  as 
  

   is 
  evidenced 
  by 
  the 
  valuable 
  monographs 
  on 
  the 
  Human 
  Brain 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  

   Brain 
  of 
  the 
  Apes, 
  which 
  were 
  issued 
  in 
  1892 
  and 
  1906 
  respectively. 
  In 
  

   one 
  of 
  the 
  latest 
  publications 
  from 
  his 
  pen 
  (1914), 
  he 
  deals 
  with 
  the 
  

   question 
  whether 
  the 
  human 
  brain 
  has 
  undergone 
  any 
  increase 
  in 
  size 
  as 
  a 
  

   result 
  of 
  the 
  progressive 
  development 
  of 
  intellectual 
  culture. 
  

  

  Eetzius' 
  activities 
  were 
  not 
  confined 
  to 
  science. 
  He 
  had 
  great 
  literary 
  

   ability. 
  This 
  is 
  apparent 
  in 
  the 
  clear 
  manner 
  in 
  which 
  he 
  describes 
  his 
  

   scientific 
  investigations, 
  and 
  is 
  strikingly 
  manifested 
  in 
  the 
  biographies 
  of 
  

   eminent 
  men 
  which 
  came 
  from 
  his 
  hand 
  — 
  amongst 
  them 
  Linnseus, 
  Berzelius, 
  

   Pasteur, 
  Scheele, 
  Huxley, 
  Virchow. 
  He 
  travelled 
  extensively 
  both 
  in 
  the 
  

   Old 
  and 
  New 
  "World 
  ; 
  his 
  interests 
  were 
  universal, 
  but 
  the 
  ethnology 
  of 
  

   the 
  countries 
  he 
  visited 
  had 
  perhaps 
  most 
  fascination 
  for 
  him. 
  His 
  account 
  

   of 
  Egypt 
  in 
  "Pictures 
  from 
  the 
  Land 
  of 
  the 
  Nile" 
  (1891) 
  is 
  a 
  treasure- 
  

   house 
  of 
  brilliant 
  descriptive 
  writing, 
  and 
  the 
  same 
  may 
  be 
  said 
  of 
  his 
  

   " 
  Pictures 
  of 
  Sicily," 
  which 
  followed 
  closely 
  upon 
  it. 
  He 
  was 
  a 
  poet 
  of 
  no 
  

   mean 
  order, 
  and 
  possessed 
  considerable 
  artistic 
  talent, 
  a 
  qualification 
  which 
  

   not 
  only 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  interest 
  of 
  his 
  travels, 
  but 
  was 
  of 
  utility 
  in 
  the 
  

   illustration 
  of 
  his 
  scientific 
  observations. 
  

  

  Eetzius 
  was 
  a 
  man 
  of 
  unusual 
  charm. 
  He 
  had 
  many 
  friends 
  in 
  all 
  

   countries 
  ; 
  not 
  a 
  few 
  in 
  Great 
  Britain, 
  where 
  he 
  was 
  always 
  a 
  welcome 
  

   visitor 
  ; 
  they 
  included 
  Charles 
  Darwin 
  and 
  Thomas 
  Henry 
  Huxley. 
  

  

  Elected 
  a 
  Member 
  of 
  the 
  Swedish 
  Academy 
  in 
  1902, 
  and 
  a 
  Foreign 
  

   Member 
  of 
  the 
  Eoyal 
  Society 
  in 
  1907, 
  he 
  was 
  in 
  1908 
  invited 
  to 
  deliver 
  

   the 
  Croonian 
  Lecture 
  — 
  the 
  subject 
  selected 
  being 
  " 
  The 
  Minute 
  Structure 
  of 
  

   the 
  Nervous 
  System." 
  In 
  the 
  following 
  year 
  he 
  gave 
  the 
  Huxley 
  Lecture 
  

   before 
  the 
  Eoyal 
  Anthropological 
  Institute, 
  on 
  " 
  The 
  so-called 
  North 
  

   European 
  Eace 
  of 
  Mankind." 
  

  

  He 
  married 
  Anna 
  de 
  Hierta, 
  daughter 
  of 
  Lars 
  Johan 
  de 
  Hierta, 
  founder 
  of 
  

   the 
  well-known 
  newspaper 
  1 
  Aftonbladet.' 
  The 
  union 
  was 
  a 
  happy 
  one. 
  

   Accompanying 
  him 
  in 
  his 
  travels, 
  and 
  interesting 
  herself 
  keenly 
  in 
  his 
  

   work, 
  his 
  wife 
  has 
  been 
  a 
  true 
  helpmeet 
  to 
  him, 
  whilst 
  he, 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  

  

  