378 Dr. P. J. Cammidge. Observations on the [Apr. 5, 



37° C. for 18 hours, when, as it was found that a control specimen no longer 

 gave a reaction for sugar, it was cooled, filtered, and the filtrate treated with 

 phenylhydrazin. Examination 24 hours later showed no crystalline deposit, 

 either to the naked eye or microscopically. The animal was found dead 

 three days after the operation, and post mortem no trace of pancreatic tissue 

 could be discovered. 



(Ill) The pancreas of a third dog was extirpated on September 9. Two 

 days later it died from gangrene of the duodenum. A specimen of urine 

 was, however, obtained before death, and 18 hours after the operation. This 

 was found to contain 39 per cent, of reducing sugar (Bang), and 3 - 8 per 

 cent, on fermentation (Lohenstein). Examination with the polariscope gave 

 3*2 per cent, of dextro-rotatory sugar. The osazone crystals melted at 

 204° — 205° C, and were insoluble in 33-per-cent. sulphuric acid in 

 five minutes. A specimen of the urine examined by the same method as 

 that just described gave no " pancreatic " reaction after the fermentable 

 sugar had been removed, there being no crystalline deposit on macro- 

 scopical or microscopical examination of a preparation left undisturbed for 

 24 hours. 



The results of the examination of the samples from Dog I and of the 

 specimens obtained from Dog II after the first operation agree with and 

 confirm my experience in the human subject. They show that while normal 

 urine gives no " pancreatic" reaction, specimens from animals in which 

 pancreatitis has been set up, either by a chemical irritant, such as 

 turpentine, or bacterial infection and partial blocking of the pancreatic 

 duct, give a characteristic reaction. The accidental injection of turpentine 

 into the common bile duct of Dog I served to prove that the reaction first 

 obtained was not due to the turpentine itself or to the manipulation of the 

 organs in the course of the operation, for, although considerably larger than 

 the first dose which was injected into the pancreatic duct, it gave rise to no 

 urinary " pancreatic " reaction. The pathological changes found in the pancreas 

 of Dog II, when it was removed at operation, agree with those described by 

 Carnot as being present in similar experiments performed by him, and 

 correspond to the chronic interlobular pancreatitis met with in man as the 

 result of an infection of the pancreatic ducts. 



The results of the examination of the urines of Dogs II and III, after 

 total extirpation of the pancreas, tend to show that the changes which give 

 rise to the " pancreatic " reaction in the urine are dependent upon the 

 presence of the pancreas, and are probably to be referred to changes in the 

 gland itself and not to disturbances of metabolism in other tissues brought 

 about by interference with or perversion of its functions, for Dog III gave 



