386 Mr. C. H. Martin and Miss M. Robertson. [June 18, 



Saville Kent's ' Monograph of the Infusoria ' (1881), where it is named 

 Trypanosoma eberthi. Saville Kent has apparently overlooked Leuckart and 

 Stein's references to this form, and his theory as to its possible connection 

 with the trypanosoma of the frog need not be considered here. 



Biitschli (1889), in his account of the Protozoa, gave Eberth's figures of this 

 form and placed it in the genus Trypanosoma with the true blood parasites. 



Doflein, in 1901, gave Eberth's description and figures of this form, which 

 he seems inclined to connect with some of the flagellate parasites seen in 

 " Geflugel-Diphtherie." The evidence on which he does this seems rather 

 scanty and he himself remarks (p. 60) : " Mir scheint aus dem Studium der 

 Literatur hervorzugehen, dass zwei oder mehr verschiedene Arten in den 

 Angaben mit einander vermengt worden sind. Es ware sehr verdienstlich 

 in dieser interessanten Frage Klarheit zu schaffen." 



Laveran and Mesnil (1904), in their ' Trypanosomes et Trypanosomiases,' 

 state, on p. 354, " II parait bien certain que le Trypanosoma eberthi, Kent, vu 

 par Eberth dans le tube digestif de la poule, n'est pas un Trypanosome, c'est 

 sans doute un Trichomonas, comme Stein, puis Leuckart, en ont fait les 

 premiers la supposition." 



Luhe (1906), in a short note in his account of the blood parasites in 

 Mense's ' Handbuch der Tropenkrankheiten,' has changed the name of this 

 form from Trypanosoma eberthi to SpirocJmta eberthi, owing to the presumed 

 absence of a free flagellate end to the undulating membrane. We think, 

 however, that if Luhe had himself seen this form he would not have placed 

 it among the Spirochetes. It is rather interesting to note that in spite of 

 the numerous references to this common parasite in later literature, and its 

 triple change of name up to the present, Eberth appears to have been the 

 only observer who had actually seen it. 



Methods. 



Most of the stained work was done on wet films fixed either with Flemming 

 or corrosive-acetic. The films were stained either with iron hematoxylin, 

 haemalaun, Delafield's hasmatoxylen, Giemsa, or Twort. The three first all 

 gave good results. 



General Conditions in the Cazca and Rectum. 



During the course of this preliminary work we have examined the ceecal 

 and rectal contents of 14 fowls of various ages and at various stages of 

 digestion, and have met with the flagellate parasites of four types, 

 A, B, C/D. 



Before, however, proceeding to the description of these forms, it would be 



