516 Messrs. Buckmaster and Gardner. Supposed [Aug. 12,. 



The blood therefore contained 0-0348 gramme of chloroform per 

 100 grammes of blood, so that the blood gases evolved contain about 

 10 per cent, by volume of chloroform vapour. 



To quote another experiment : — 



Cat, weight 3'5 kilos. ; chloroformed with an air-chloroform mixture of 

 2 per cent., 54 c.c. of dark blood withdrawn from carotid artery for analysis 

 of gases. Immediately before and after withdrawing this, two extra samples 

 were taken of 10 c.c. each for analysis by the method which we call the 

 method of Nicloux.* 



Volume of gases extracted = 30 - 53 at 0° and 760 mm. This gas was 

 analysed as in former experiment ; 19 - 9 c.c. of silver nitrate were required 

 (1 c.c. = 0"001 CI), which corresponds to 0'0223 gramme of chloroform = 

 4 - 15 c.c. of chloroform vapour at 0° and 760 mm. = 0'0419 gramme of 

 CHC1 3 in 100 grammes of blood. 



Sample I (Nicloux method) gave - 0396 gramme of chloroform per 

 100 grammes of blood. 



Sample II (Nicloux method) gave - 0403 gramme of chloroform per 

 100 grammes of blood. 



The blood gases were always evacuated from blood at 40° C, and at this- 

 temperature and under the conditions we employed for anoesthetisation it is 

 clear that practically all the chloroform which is calculated to be in blood 

 can be recovered as chloroform vapour. 



In 1894 Grehantf recognised the presence of a combustible gas in the 

 blood. This he considered to be carbon monoxide. The amount of this in. 

 blood he determined with his grisouinetre, an instrument by means of which 

 he could measure the quantity of carbon monoxide fixed by haemoglobin in 

 an atmosphere which contained one part in 60,000. 



As the result of experiments carried out on dogs in Paris, Desgrez and 

 Niclouxj stated that carbon monoxide is not only a normal constituent 

 of the blood gases, but that the blood of these animals, when anaesthetised by 

 chloroform, contained an augmented quantity of this gas: "Les animaux 

 sounds a 1'anesthesie par le chloroforme nous ayant fourni un sang notable- 

 ment plus riche en oxyde de carbone que leur sang normal." This 

 conclusion is drawn from their experiments, which we summarise in the- 

 following table. 



Their method of estimating carbon monoxide consisted in passing the- 



* " Dosage de Petites Quantities de Ckloroforrue," ' Extraits du Bulletin de la Societe 

 Chimique de Paris,' 3rd series, vol. 33, p. 321, 1906. 



t Grehant, ' Comptes rendus,' November 8, 1897, and 'Les Gaz du Sang,' p. 109, 1894, 

 J ' Archives de Physiologie, 3 No. 2, April, 1898, p. 377. 



