Isolating and Cultivating Mycobacterium enteritidis, etc. 517 



Fig. 13 represents an aggregation rosette or cluster of flagellates of different sizes 

 and ages. 



Figs. 14, 15, 16 show parasites whose bodies are thrown into characteristic undula- 

 tions. Note the chromatoid granules shown in fig. 15. 



Figs. 17, 18 represent stout flagellates from the anterior part of the intestine. 

 The latter figure shows the stoutest parasite seen during the research. The 

 parasite contained chromatoid granules. 

 Figs. 19—21 represent dividing forms. 



Figs. 22 — 25 show stages of the parasite leading to post-flagellates and cysts (figs. 26 — 29), 

 as seen in the hinder part of the intestine, including the rectum and the faeces. 



In figs. 22 — 25 note the gradual shortening and absorption of the nagellum and 

 the contraction and rounding of the body. In fig. 25 only the rhizoplastic part of 

 the flagellum remains. Chromatoid granules occur in these parasites. 

 Figs. 27 — 29 represent truly encysted forms, as found at the extreme posterior end of the 

 gut or voided in the fseces with semi-solid, black blood remains. 



In figs. 27, 28 the cyst-wall is thin and varnish-like, and closely apposed to the 

 parasite. It stains pink after Giemsa. 



Fig. 29 represents a gelatinous, thick-walled cyst with striations. Such cysts were 

 very rare. 



A Method for Isolating and Cultivating the Mycobacterium 

 enteritidis chronicse pseudo tuberculosa bovis, Jbhne, and 

 Some Experiments on the Preparation of a Diagnostic 

 Vaccine for Pseudo-tuberculous Enteritis of Bovines. 

 By F. W. Twort, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. Lond., and G. L. Y. Ingram, 

 M.RC.V.S. 



(Communicated by Leonard Hill, M.B., F.B.S. Received November 7, 1911, — 

 Read February 1, 1912.) 



(From the Laboratories of the Brown Institution, University of London.) 



The disease of cattle described under the name of pseudo-tuberculous 

 enteritis, or Johne's disease, is a serious affection which causes considerable 

 losses to farmers and stockowners throughout the British Isles and Europe. 

 Clinically, it is characterised by a slow progressive emaciation and chronic 

 diarrhoea, which causes the milk-yield in cows to fall off, and often ends in 

 death. B. Bang states that some cases show no diarrhoea, though the 

 affected animals die ; he also states that the annual losses from this disease 

 on some of the large farms in the Islands of Denmark may amount to 

 5 to 8 per cent, of the total head of cattle. The disease may affect bovines 

 of all ages (usually from 3 to 6 years, Meissner (33) ), but as, the period 

 of incubation has been shown to be very long, it is not usually recognised 

 vol. lxxxiv. — b. 2 Q 



