510 Dr. S. S. Zilva and Major F. M. Wells. Changes in the 



the average weight (about 200 gram.) of a normal guinea-pig of that age. 

 The post-mortem examination revealed very brittle bones, old haemorrhages 

 in the femoral muscles, and at the costochondral junctions no definite 

 beading but merely a narrow ridge. The histological examination of the 

 costochondral junctions showed nothing abnormal. The changes in the 

 teeth were profound, and were assessed by us at the maximum indicated 

 by + + +. 



Guinea-pig No. 273 was born April 18, 1918, weighing 62 gram., and was 

 put on scorbutic diet of oats, bran, and autoclaved milk the same day. Like 

 the preceding animal it received occasional small doses of orange juice. 

 The animal, after about a fortnight, manifested symptoms of scurvy, and was 

 kept in a chronic state of the disease for two months until June 18, 1918, 

 when it weighed 97 gram. It was then put on a normal mixed diet. Several 

 days after (June 29, 1918), owing to the very brittle condition of the teeth, 

 a part of the lower incisor broke off. This was examined by us histologically, 

 and was found to be in a highly deteriorated condition, as shown by 

 photograph (5). After being put on a mixed diet the animal commenced 

 gaining in weight. As its teeth continued growing one could definitely 

 distinguish two zones, coinciding with the two periods of nutrition. The 

 lower zone was white and quite normal, the upper was yellow, with less 

 perfect enamel. This guinea-pig was chloroformed July 19, 1918. At the 

 post-mortem examination nothing abnormal was found. The teeth still 

 manifested some change in structure, assessed by us as 



These experiments show that these very young guinea-pigs behaved in 

 precisely the same way as the older animals. 



The radical changes in the teeth, brought about by the deficiency of the 

 diet in antiscorbutics, has also been definitely established in the monkey. 

 This investigation is, however, as* yet incomplete, and the results are there- 

 fore deferred for a future communication. 



It is necessary at this juncture to point out the identity of guinea-pig, 

 monkey, and human scurvy. It would be useless repetition to indulge in a 

 complete discussion of the pathological anatomy. This has already been ably 

 done by Hoist and Frolich (1912) with the guinea-pig, and Hart and Lessing 

 with the monkey. Kecent discoveries throw, however, a very interesting 

 light on the subject. Harden and Zilva (1918) have shown that by removing 

 the organic acids from lemon juice an antiscorbutically potent residue 

 remains behind, which is almost equal in activity to the original juice. This 

 was ascertained by them protectively on guinea-pigs and curatively on a 

 monkey. The preparation has recently been tried by Harden, Zilva, and 

 Still (1919) on several cases of infantile scurvy, with results that have fully 



