138 



Dr. A. Lipschiitz and others. 



from the level of the incision, connective tissue grows inwards in the 

 testicular tissue and a few weeks afterwards this fragment would surely have 

 been in the same condition of sclerosation as an under fragment. We found 

 this condition in 'No. 68, where no testicular tissue was to be recognised in 

 the mass of connective tissue. A degeneration of the upper fragment took 

 place in No. 75, but in a somewhat different way. Another case, No. 76, is 

 of the greatest interest for us. It is the fourth of the experiments where 

 the upper fragment was still present and in good condition as compared with 

 the under fragment already wholly degenerated. In this case (Plate 2, fig. 3) 

 the seminiferous tubules have only one stratum of cells ; I am not able to 

 say whether there are here only cells of Sertoli or some spermatogonia 

 also ; the first is the more probable. The interstitial tissue was in a 

 state of hypertrophy, like that in some cases of " upper " castration. This 

 one ease, where we have an enormous number of interstitial cells in an 

 upper fragment, although the second testicle is present in the body, is 

 sufficient to decide the question whether the hypertrophy of interstitial 

 tissue in some cases of upper partial castration is a compensatory one or not ; 

 this hypertrophy is not a compensatory one, but one caused by local 

 conditions. 



D. Further experimental evidence is given by the following observations : 

 Instead of sectioning the testicle near the upper pole, as in the foregoing 

 experiments, we sectioned the testicle near the under pole and cut away a 

 very small fragment of the under pole, together with the cauda epididymidis. 

 We made this operation on both sides. In principle, this is the same 

 operation as that performed unilaterally in the experiments reported in C, 

 but with the difference that, instead of having a small fragment supplied 

 by the art. sp. i. on one side, the animals of this series had big fragments on 

 every side supplied by the art. sp. i. If an hypertrophy of the interstitial cells 

 occurs under these experimental conditions also, it cannot be compensatory, 

 because the quantity of testicular mass is not diminished by the operation. 



We made three identical experiments, a resume of which is given in the 

 Table on page 139. 



As we see, there was in two cases a very marked hypertrophy of the 

 interstitial tissue, especially in ~No. 72, illustrated by fig. 4. The hypertrophy 

 is not so striking as in some small upper fragments. But one must take 

 into consideration that, on examining a great number of testicles even under 

 identical experimental conditions, as already mentioned, all transitions in 

 the quantity of interstitial cells exist ; even the two testicles of the same 

 animal treated in the same manner may show very striking differences as 

 concerns the interstitial tissue and the seminiferous tubules. On examining 



