Coagulant of the Venom of Echis carinatus. 185 



TTi }itm nrtorpn 



X 1 I i Li \ 11 



■Ph vr»m hi Ti 

 J. Ill ''111 Hill 



'6-per-cent. 

 CaCL 

 solution. 



'85-per-cent. 

 NaCl 

 solution. 



a f \ 1 1 1 T".i n ti 

 BUI Li Lit.) LI 



f}r\fk crnlfit.inn 



U 1 15 . J U 1 , 





f\r nAf aaamiii 

 \JL UUuaiOOlUJJ-1 



^ VQ 1 o i o 

 U Atl III LC . 



l 1 111 L ^Ou \J. j. 



C.C. 



C.C. 



c.c. 



C.C. 



C.C. 





'2 





"03 



"27 





90 minutes. 





'01 



'03 



"26 





4 



0-2 



0-03 



0-03 



-24 



— 



3 „ 



0-2 



-10 



-03 



'17 





45 seconds. 



0-2 



0-30* 



0-03 



0'07 





18 minutes. 



0-2 







-27 



0"03 



3 hours. 



0-2 



01 





0-27 



0*03 



4 minutes. 



0-2 



0-03 





0-26 



0'03 



3 



45 seconds. 



0-2 



-10 





-24 



0-03 



0-2 



-30* 





0-07 



0*03 



18 minutes. 



* Previously hesited to 60° for 5 minutes. 



The fibrinogen solution at 30° C. formed a soft coagulum in 90 minutes 

 to three hours. After the addition of 0*01 c.c. of thrombin solution coagu- 

 lation took place in four minutes. When, however, the thrombin solution 

 had been previously heated it was found to have its power of producing 

 coagulation very considerably reduced. 



Thrombokinase was stated by Schmidt* to be thermostable ; Morawitz,f 

 however, asserted that thrombokinase is thermolabile ; but Bordet and 

 Delange} subsequently confirmed Schmidt's observation. In our experi- 

 ments, as already mentioned, we have usually employed as source of 

 thrombokinase a suspension of the stromata of the red blood cells of the rabbit, 

 obtained by centrifugalising oxalated rabbit's blood, washing the red cells 

 thus obtained with 085-per-cent. sodium chloride solution, and then laking 

 by the addition of an equal volume of distilled water ; in other experiments, 

 however, peptone has been employed as source of thrombokinase. 



The coagulant effect of red cell stromata in presence of calcium chloride 

 is shown in the first table on p. 186. 



It will be observed that heating had no marked effect upon thrombokinase, 

 though the liquid employed as source of thrombokinase was thereby rendered 

 turbid. The coagulum formed was in all cases firm. 



* A. Schmidt, ' Zur Blutlehre,' Leipzig, 1892; 'Weitere Beitnige zap Blutlehre,' 

 Wiesbaden, 1895. 



t Morawitz, ' Hofmeister's Beitr.,' 1903, vol. 4, p. 381. 

 % J. Bordet and L. Delange, loc. cit. 



VOL. LXXXVII. — B. 



