348 



Dr. F. W. Pavy on the Physiology of [June 21, 



Blood from Bullock. 



Sugar per 1000 parts. 



Observation 14. 

 „ 15. 

 „ 16. 

 „ 17. 

 „ 18. 

 19. 



[t. 

 {I: 



[t. 

 It. 



f Q l] -703 (mean). 



5151 

 535/ 



5001 

 484/ 



4641 

 449/ 



5101 

 489) 



5891 

 588 f 



•525 

 •492 

 •456 

 •499 

 •588 



Average -543 per 1000. 



In the above experiments the blood was collected in such a manner as 

 to give a reliable representation of the state existing during life ; and it 

 is necessary to bestow attention upon this point, for unless the proper 

 precautions from a physiological point of view are observed, we may be 

 led as much into error as by the faulty method of analysis. This is 

 strikingly exemplified by the following analyses of the blood of bullocks 

 obtained by the ordinary process of slaughtering ; that is, by the animal 

 being felled with a pole-axe, a cane being then passed down the spinal 

 canal to destroy the medulla oblongata and spinal marrow, and blood 

 being afterwards allowed to escape by an incision from the neck into the 

 superior vena cava, or possibly the right auricle of the heart. I gave in- 

 structions to my assistant to get the incision made as soon as possible 

 after the animal was felled. The first day the samples of blood of two 

 bullocks (Observations Nos. 20 and 21) were procured for analysis, the 

 same time elapsing between the period of collection and the commence- 

 ment of the analysis as in the instances belonging to the other method 

 of slaughtering. On the following day samples from two more bullocks 

 (Observations JNos. 22 and 23) were procured in a similar way. The 

 results derived from the blood obtained the first day do not differ to a 

 material extent (strictly speaking, the sugar is a little higher) from those 

 displayed above. The blood obtained on the second day, however, showed 

 a notably larger impregnation with sugar ; and this difference, I have 

 reason to believe, arose from a longer time having been allowed to elapse 

 between felling the animal and making the incision for the blood to 

 escape. 



