Paralysed Muscles by Means of Nerve Anastomosis, 95 



bouring root. In all the other experiments two or more than two roots were 

 dealt with. In the case of the former the temporary loss of function of the 

 limb was very early restored, namely, commencing in 10 and 36 days 

 respectively, and being completed in a further period of 9 to 15 days 

 respectively. 



When two or more than two roots were divided more extensive and more 

 abiding paralysis resulted, and the recovery commenced much later, namely, 

 at periods ranging from 79 to 107 days, and reached its maximum in 

 additional periods which varied from 32 to 39 days. The contrast was) 

 therefore, very marked between the recoveries after section of less than two 

 roots, and those following section of two or more than two roots, and led to 

 the conclusion that in the former the cause of recovery was different from 

 that in the latter. 



In the experiments in which two or more roots were divided, some were 

 anastomosed to the spinal accessory and others to another root or other roots 

 of the plexus, and comparison is made of the recoveries in these two forms of 

 experiments. Comparison is also made with the results obtained in the two 

 previous communications, and a marked correspondence is found in the dates 

 of recovery when that was clearly due to the substituted nerve. 



The views of other authors as to the distribution of the roots of the plexus 

 are discussed, and also the views with reference to the comparison between 

 the plexus of Macacus and that of Man. 



The author's observations of 38 human plexuses in which he has operated 

 for injury to the roots of the plexus are then considered, and conclusions as 

 to the distribution of the roots drawn from the distribution of the paralysis, 

 the nature of the damage to the roots discovered at the operation, the effects 

 of the excision of the damaged parts, and the results of stimulation of the 

 fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical nerves during the operation. These results 

 of stimulation are compared with the results of stimulation of the same roots 

 made in Macacus. 



The following are the general conclusions from the research : — 



1. The brachial plexus of Macacus and that of Man are practically 

 identical, at least as regards the fifth, sixth, and seventh cervical nerves, the 

 variation being of the nature of a prefixture of the plexus in Man, but not to 

 the extent of an entire root. 



2. In Macacus section of the fifth nerve alone paralyses no muscle and 

 limits no movement, although it may weaken some. 



3. In Macacus section of the sixth and part of the seventh disturbs the 

 function of the limb to an appreciable extent, but the disturbances can be 

 compensated for and the movements regained, although probably with 



