46 



THE AMERICAS X ATU BALLS T 



[Vol. XLV 



ever, there are numerous hairs upon the calyx lobes 

 which in the nightshade are almost smooth. 



The fruit of Solemn hi tubingense is very much like that 

 of the nightshade but is rather larger, and although it is 

 black in color there are some traces of the red or yellow 

 color of the tomato. 



Four other well-marked graft-hybrids were secured 

 to which were given the names Solatium proteus, Sola- 

 rium darwinianum, Solarium Jcoelreuterianum and Sola- 

 rium gaertnerianum. 



The first of these originated in a most peculiar fash- 

 ion. A chimaBra was obtained which consisted of two 

 hybrid components. One of these was the before men- 

 tioned S. tubingense while the other was a hybrid which 

 was more like the tomato. This chimaera soon divided 

 into two branches one of which was pure S. tubingense 

 and the other the new hybrid, S. proteus. The latter 

 was then removed and rooted and further propagated 

 by cuttings. This species has very variable leaves (see 

 Fig. 1, D, E) which on the whole are more divided than 

 those of S. tubingense, while in the characters of the 

 flower and the fruit it is more like the tomato than like 

 the nightshade. 



Both of the forms S. Jcoelreuterianum and S. gaert- 

 nerianum were produced more than once and they are 

 respectively more like the tomato and nightshade but 

 each differs in important particulars from either of the 

 parents. 



The form, however, which is of the greatest interest 

 is the hybrid to which Winkler gave the name S. darwini- 

 anum, the third to result from his experiments. This 

 hybrid arose in a quite different manner from the others 

 and great ingenuity was shown in isolating and prop- 

 agating it. The shoot from which this hvbrid originated 

 was a chimaBra which developed from a graft of a tomato 

 upon a nightshade. This chimaBra was made up princi- 

 pally of pure Solatium nigrum, but a small portion of 

 it consisted of tissue which was different from any 



