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THE AMERICAN NATURALIST [Vol. XLV 



of the specimen (probably the one from which the figure 

 was drawn) in Plukenet's "Herbarium," Vol. 96, f. 167, 

 which is in the British Museum. The flowers of this 

 specimen are much smaller than in 0. biennis and the 

 leaves are narrow, making it evidently a race of 0. 

 muricata. Linnaeus afterwards (quite incorrectly) 

 ("Sp. PI.," p. 346) combined it with his species 0. fruti- 

 cosa. A type of the latter species is a specimen collected 

 by Clayton in Virginia, and is from the herbarium of 

 Gronovius in the British Museum. It represents a race 

 of the modern 0. fruticosa L. That the error of com- 

 bining Tournefort's species with this was afterwards 

 recognized is shown by the fact that in an annotated 

 copy of the "Species Plantarum," 2 edition, 1762, in the 

 possession of the Linnaean Society, the citation of 

 "Onagra an gust if olio , caule rubra, flare minare Tournef. 

 inst. 302" under 0. fruticosa L. is crossed out. Type 

 specimens of both 0. fruticosa and 0. muricata for the 

 "Species Plantarum" are to be found in the Linnaean 

 Herbarium. The latter differs from the type specimen 

 of 0. biennis (which will be referred to later) in having 

 somewhat smaller flowers, more numerous long hairs on 

 the sepals, narrower and more pointed leaves, and nu- 

 merous conspicuous murications (long hairs arising 

 from papilla; ) on the stem. 



We may now take up the consideration of Tourne- 

 fort's first three species and their synonyms. In my 

 former paper I was strongly of the opinion that species 

 (I) represented a plant which was more closely related 

 to 0. Lamarckiana than to 0. biennis, although not 

 identical with any known form, except possibly 0. Icevi- 

 folia. The large flowers and quadrangular buds, as well 

 as a consideration of the synonymy, seemed to demand 



