No. 540] INHERITANCE OF COLOR IN CATTLE 727 



Set 1. (w 2 E 2 ) 

 Set 2. (w 2 Er) 

 (Eed) 



(w 2 Rr) = 2 WjEj + 2 w 2 Er 

 (wA) = 2w,B, + 2w 2 Rr. 



4w 2 E 2 w 2 E 2 (Eed) 

 4w : E,w 2 Rr (Eed) 

 4w 2 Rrw 2 R 2 (Eed) 

 4w 2 Rrw 2 Er (Eed) 



Now mate two of the latter type— w*Rr wjtr 



(w 2 Er) = W.R, + 2 w 2 Rr + w 2 r 2 



wAwA (Eed) 

 2w 2 E 2 w 2 Er (Eed) 



wAwa (Eoan) 

 2w 2 Erw 2 E 2 (Eed) 

 4w,Erw 2 Er (Eed) 

 2w 2 Erw 2 r 2 (Eoan) 



2w 2 r 2 w 2 Er (Eoan) 



A white thus derived from two reds would be an albino 

 as far as coat color is concerned. As still another possi- 

 bility it may be that a strain albinic as to its entire coat 

 entered into the Shorthorn make-up; this, while the 

 simplest explanation, can not, however, be shown historic- 

 ally. While the areas of dominant white and albinic are 

 quite specific, still, in view of the facts that the whitening 

 process is systematically progressive and that the albinic 

 condition is the more advanced, the areas of albinic white 

 must ultimately encroach upon those of dominant white. 

 Thus an animal whose coat is mostly albinic white, bred 

 to a duplex red, would produce a simplex red (with little 

 white), which latter animal could produce white offspring. 

 This may be what sometimes happens. But again it 

 involves the existence of a strain with an entire albinic 

 coat. Thus the behavior in heredity of the pattern and 

 pigments of the white calf belonging to Mr. Hall becomes 

 of absorbing interest. If it should be retained as a herd 

 bull and proves to be an animal of type No. 6 or No. 9, then 

 the "roan by-roan" theory or the intrusion de novo 

 theory must be accepted; if, however, it will produce 

 black calves when bred to an Angus or Galloway cow "the 

 reciprocal areas" theory or the "albino" theory must be 

 accepted. Present evidence seems to point toward the 

 "roan-by-roan" theory and the impossibility of a mating 

 of an absolutely.red by an absolutely red producing any- 



