412 GLOSSARY. 



S 



SARCODE (Gr. sarx, flesh; eidos, form). The jelly-like substance 

 of which the bodies of the Protozoa are composed. It is an 

 albuminous body containing oil-granules, and is sometimes 

 called " animal protoplasm. " 



SAURIA (Gr. saura, a lizard). Any lizard-like Reptile is often 

 spoken of as a " Saurian ; " but the term is sometimes re- 

 stricted to the Crocodiles alone, or to the Crocodiles and 

 Larcertilians. 



SAUROPTERYGIA (Gr. saura; pterux, wing). An extinct order 

 of Reptiles, called by Huxley Plesiosauria, from the typical 

 genus Plesiosaurus. 



SAURUR^E (Gr. saura; oura, tail). The extinct order of Birds 

 comprising only the Archocopteryx. 



SCANSORES (Lat. scando, I climb). The order of the Climbing 

 Birds (Parrots, Woodpeckers, &c.) 



SCAPHI (Lat. scapha, a boat). A genus of the Ammonitida. 



SCOLITHUS (Gr. skolex, a worm; lithos, a stone). The vertical 

 burrows of sea-worms in rocks. 



SCUTA (Lat. scutum, a shield). Applied to any shield-like plates ; 

 especially to those which are developed in the integument of 

 many Reptiles. 



SELACHIA or SELACHII (Gr. selachos, a cartilaginous fish, probably 

 a shark). The sub-order of Elasmobranchii comprising the 

 Sharks and Dog-fishes. 



SEPIOSTAIRE. The internal shell of the Sepia, commonly known 

 as the " cuttle-bone. " 



SEPTA. Partitions. 



SERPENTIFORM. Resembling a serpent in shape. 



SERTULARIDA (Lat. sertutn, a wreath). An order of Hydrozoa. 



SESSILE (Lat. sedo, I sit). Not supported upon a stalk or ped- 

 uncle; attached by a base. 



SET^: (Lat. bristles). Bristles orjong stiff hairs. 



SIGILLARIOIDS (Lat. sigilla, little images). A group of extinct 

 plants of which Sigillaria is the type, so-called from the seal- 

 like markings on the bark. 



SILICEOUS (Lat. silex, flint). Composed of flint. 



SINISTRAL (Lat. sinistra, the left hand). Left-handed; applied 

 to the direction of the spiral in certain shells, which are said 

 to be " reversed. " 



SIPHON (Gr. a tube). Applied to the respiratory tubes in the 

 Mollusca; also to other tubes of different functions. 



SIPHONIA (Gr. siphon, a tube). A genus of fossil Sponges. 



SIPHONOSTOMATA (Gr. siphon; and stoma, mouth). The division 

 of Gasteropodous Molluscs in which the aperture of the shell 

 is not " entire, " but possesses a notch or tube for the emission 

 of the respiratory siphon. 



SIPHUNCLE (Lat. siphunculus, a little tube). The tube which 

 connects together the various chambers of the shell of certain 

 Cephalopoda (e. g., the Pearly Nautilus). 



SIRENIA (Gr. seiren, a mermaid). The order of Mammalia com- 

 prising the Dugongs and Manatees. 



