.424 Dr. F. W. Pavy. Research bearing on the [June 16, 



For the purpose of ascertaining what kind of sugar is contained in 

 the alcoholic extract, the product of extraction has been titrated with 

 the ammoniated cupric test hefore and after subjection to the convert- 

 ing influence of sulphuric acid and heat. The resutts have shown that 

 no increased reducing action is given after treatment with sulphuric 

 acid and heat. 



The cupric oxide reducing principle, therefore, which is extracted 

 by alcohol from blood, consists of glucose. 



When the alcoholic extraction has been thoroughly effected, the 

 coagulated residue of blood fails, as I have stated, to yield to water 

 anything possessing per sea cupric oxide reducing property. After 

 treatment, however, with sulphuric acid and heat the aqueous extract 

 is found to exert a certain amount of cupric oxide reducing action. 

 The substance removed by water which possesses this property is part 

 of the material present in the coagulated residue, which closely resem- 

 bles, if it does not actually constitute, Bernardin (glycogen). There 

 appears to be uncertainty in the amount extracted by water, and I 

 think it may be considered that no useful information is derivable from 

 the examination of the aqueous extract. Just for the purpose, how- 

 ever, of giving a representation of what I have found, I may state 

 that taking the several observations of which I have a record (thirty - 

 two in number), the amount of material contained in the aqueous 

 extract convertible into cupric oxide reducing substance by sulphuric 

 acid and heat, stands at about 0*290 per 1,000 expressed as glucose. 



It did not occur to me, at starting, to do anything in the way of 

 examining the residue left after alcoholic and aqueous extraction, not 

 imagining that there would be anything of concern to me present. In 

 the course of investigation, however, grounds presented themselves for 

 leading me to deal with the residue, and I determined to treat it as I 

 have been in the habit of treating the liver in making a quantitative 

 determination of Bernardin (glycogen). 



This process consists of dissolving by means of an alkali, pouring 

 into spirit, and collecting the precipitate. Bernardin (glycogen) pos- 

 sesses two properties which greatly facilitate its separation from other 

 bodies, viz., resistance to the action of an alkali and insolubility in 

 alcohol. Albuminoid matters are attacked by caustic alkalies, and are 

 then not precipitable by spirit as before. A method of separation is 

 thus supplied. The object of applying the process was to ascertain 

 whether there existed concealed in the residue anything of the nature 

 of Bernardin (glycogen). 



The residue was treated with water, and caustic potash added in the 

 proportion of about one-fifth of the original weight of blood taken for 

 examination. Heat was applied until solution occurred, and the pro- 

 duct was poured into about five or six times its volume of spirit. The 

 precipitate was allowed till the following day to settle, and the spirit 



