430 Dr. F. W. Pavy. Research bearing on the [June 16/ 



the following day to a recurrence of the phenomena. In some way 

 or other, the Bernardin is held in the tissue, and with the lapse of time 

 is set free for being taken up by water. * 



Although what I have described is noticeable when the liver sub- 

 stance is extracted with water at 212° F., yet a very different result is 

 attainable by extraction under pressure, at a temperature of 300° F. 

 At this temperature, it is found that all the Bernardin is speedily 

 extracted. The copper boiler or digester, which I employ for the 

 conversion of Bernardin into glucose by sulphuric acid, has been made 

 use of for the extraction of liver experiments at 300° F., and half an 

 hour, as the following statement of results obtained shows, has sufficed 

 for the full accomplishment of extraction. 



Two weighed portions of rabbit's liver, which had been bruised to a 

 pulp in a mortar, were treated with spirit, and washed and pressed for 

 the removal of glucose. The solid residue was then, in the one case, 

 boiled with a solution of potash, and the Bernardin precipitated with 

 spirit, and afterwards estimated in the usual way by conversion into 

 glucose. In the other case, the liver residue, after alcoholic extraction, 

 was treated with water and extracted at 300° F. The aqueous 

 extract was then boiled with a little potash, and the Bernardin pre- 

 cipitated with spirit and estimated by conversion into glucose. The 



figures yielded stood thus : — 



Bernardin per 

 1,000 of liver. 



After solution of liver substance in potash 91 '314 



After extraction at 300° F 93 '015 



In a second similarly conducted experiment upon a rabbit's liver ,. 

 the figures obtained were : — 



Bernardin per 

 1,000 of liver. 



After a solution of liver substance in potash 64 *242 



After extraction at 300° F 68 '040 



In a third experiment upon a cat's liver, the results were : — 



Bernardin per 

 1,000 of fiver. 



After solution of liver substance in potash 30 "735 



After extraction at 300° F 31 742 



Whatever the precise explanation, it follows from the results which 

 have been set forth that the manner in which Bernardin (glycogen) is 

 held, or the condition under which it exists in the liver, is such that 

 at a temperature of 300° F., it is readily and completely susceptible of 

 removal by water, whilst the resistance offered to removal is at the 

 same time sufficient to permit only partial extraction to occur within 



