460 



Commander W. B. Patdi. 



[Feb. 17, 



It would appear as if the mechanical properties of a gas at ordinary 

 pressures and up to extreme exhaustions (setting aside the minute 

 deviations from Boyle's law, &c.), were completely denned by two con- 

 stants, suppose the density at a given pressure and the coefficient of 

 viscosity, but at the high exhaustions at which phenomena of " ultra- 

 gas " begin to appear, specific differences came in, to include which an 

 additional constant, or perhaps more than one, requires to be known. 



II. " Notes on the Earthquakes of July, 1880, at Manila." By- 

 Commander W. B. Pauli, R.N., Her Britannic Majesty's 

 Consul at Manila. Received January 18, 1881. 



The following " Notes " have been communicated from the Foreign 

 Office, by direction of Earl Granville, K.G., F.R.S. 



I was unfortunately obliged to leave Manila last June on sick leave, 

 and the news of the late disastrous earthquakes reached Europe 

 shortly after my arrival. 



My knowledge of the locality enabled me to realise the extent of 

 the calamity even with the bare details given by the telegrams. 



I have collected the fullest information obtainable at this distance, 

 chiefly from local papers and letters from friends, but by far the 

 most important data I have received are contained in the scientific 

 observations sent me by Father Faura, the Director of the Municipal 

 Observatory at Manila, who being a pupil of the late Father Secchi r 

 of Rome, and himself taking keen interest in science, chiefly in rela- 

 tion to storms and earthquakes, is a particularly fit person for his 

 present post. 



The Manila Observatory is now furnished with seismographical in- 

 struments, by which the accompanying diagrams of the chief shocks 

 were obtained. 



These, with the translation of Father Faura's observations on them,. 

 I trust may be of interest, especially as this is the first scientific 

 account of earthquakes in the Philippine Islands, where they are so 

 frequent and so violent. 



To this account I have appended further information derived from 

 other sources respecting the course and extent of the disturbances, but 

 have purposely omitted the details of the personal experiences of 

 individuals and the loss sustained in life and property, confining my 

 remarks to such accounts as bear directly on the phenomena in a 

 scientific point of view. 



A short preliminary account of the volcanic systems of Luzon, the 

 seat of the late earthquakes, may prove a useful introduction. 



Don Jose Centeno y Garcia, Inspector- General of Mines to the 



