92 



Dr. A. Philippics Zoological Notices. 



strongly developed in those species which live in sand, as for 

 instance, Clavagella bacillaris. 



Plate III. Fig. 1. Clavagella Balanorum, Scac. Sitting in a mass formed 

 for the greatest part of Balani overgrown with Sponges, Ser- 

 pul(e, &c, in natural size somewhat contracted ; the one 

 wall of the cavity is removed. 

 a. The fissure in the mantle, through which the foot is exserted. 

 Fig. 2. The animal is removed ; the left shell cohering with the tube is 

 seen, upon which the two muscular impressions are indicated. 

 The points e. are the apertures of the spinoid tubes. 

 Fig. 3. The end of the siphons, magnified, to show that the common 



part of it possesses its peculiar fringed border. 

 Fig. 4. The animal killed in spirits, much contracted, lying on the 

 right shell. 



a. The mantle fissure for the foot. 



b. The rudimentary ligament. 



c. d. The two adductors. 



Fig. 5. The same, the mantle cut open in the neighbourhood of the 

 ventral line, and thrown back. The branchiae, the foot d, the 

 appendices buccales, of which only the two of the one side 

 are represented, are seen. 



Fig. 6. The foot with the belly or intestinal mass of the animal, mag- 

 nified. 



2. The genus Zoe is the first state of Pagurus. (Fig. 7- and 8.) 



No genus among the Crustacea is perhaps more remark- 

 able, and has more exercised the ingenuity of naturalists 

 with respect to the place it must occupy in the System, than 

 the curious animal discovered by Bosc, and named by him 

 Zoe, and but exceedingly few naturalists have seen it again 

 after him. He placed it between the Branchiopoda and the 

 Flea-crabs (Flohkrebse) ; Latreille, in the first edition of Cu- 

 vier^s c Regne Animal/ in the order Branchiopoda, between 

 Polyphemus and Cyclops ; at the same time expressing the opi- 

 nion that it might perhaps belong to the division of the Schi- 

 zopoda. This latter opinion was adopted by Leach, but most 

 zoologists have placed Zoe among the Branchiopods. To 

 these doubts respecting the nature of this animal a new one 

 associated itself, by Mr. Thompson announcing that these cu- 

 rious animals were nothing more than the larvas of the com- 

 mon crab (Carcinus Manas), which underwent a true meta- 

 morphosis. This opinion was strongly opposed by Mr. West- 

 wood. Lastly, Milne-Edwards is of opinion (see Lamarck, 

 6 Hist. Nat. des Anim. sans Vert/ edit. 2. vol. v. p. 195.) that 

 Zoe might indeed only be the young state of a species of De- 

 capod, but belonging probably to his division of the Ano- 

 moura (in which he includes Dromia, Homola, Albunea, Pa- 

 gurus, &c). Accident has afforded me the opportunity of 



