1872.] Mr. J. N. Lockyer on Spectrum- Analysis. 83 



submitted to examination are added, with a Table specifying the sex, age, 

 &c. of patients, weight and composition of the specimens, &c. 



A second Table shows an arrangement of the ascertained ingredients 

 in a form which, if not complete, may yet be useful ; in it the rarer sub- 

 stances belonging to urinary calculi are not included. 



Next follows a description of each well-known ingredient as it was ob- 

 served to occur : — Uric acid is here crystalline, but not in the shapes pre- 

 valent in urinary deposits ; free crystals (1) are comparatively rare, and 

 open columns (2), or else compact laminae (3), are most frequent ; amidst 

 these the very general occurrence of simple oxalate-of-lime forms is men- 

 tioned. The Urates are present in calculi, as (1) granules, (2) acicular 

 crystals, (3) globules, (4) laminae : the relation of the two latter forms 

 is described, and the apparent character of their animal basis. Oxalate of 

 lime would seem to be the most prevalent of all ingredients, and it exists 

 as (1) granules, if the particles were really shapeless, as they appeared to 

 be ; (2) crystals — octahedral (often of enormous size), ovoid, and dumb- 

 bell shaped; (3) spheroids, or large composite globular particles of very 

 characteristic appearance, and originating from the last-named form ; 

 (4) laminae, also characteristic. Some remarks are added on crystals of 

 the oxalate artificially produced. Certain crystals, styled peculiar, are de- 

 scribed ; they are frequently admixed with the urates, and, upon grounds 

 specified in detail, are judged to be a form of the calcic oxalate. Phos- 

 phate of lime : free crystals of this salt have not been seen in calculi ; and 

 compact layers, authoritatively recognized, have varied in appearance 

 either as the result of disintegration, or possibly in consequence of some 

 difference in chemical composition — a point amongst others needing 

 further investigation. Respecting the triple phosphate and the fusible 

 calculus, details of their microscopic appearance are submitted in the 

 communication under notice. 



In conclusion, figures arranged in four Plates, with descriptions, are 

 appended. 



III. " Researches in Spectrum- Analysis in connexion with the 

 Spectrum of the Sun/' — No. I. By J. Norman Lockyer, 

 F.R.S. Received November 6, 1872. 



(Abstract.) 



The author, after referring to the researches in which he has been 

 engaged since January 1869 in conjunction with Dr. Irankland, refers to 

 the evidence obtained by them as to the thickening and thinning of spec- 

 tral lines by variations of pressure, and to the disappearance of certain 

 lines when the method employed by them since 1869 is used. This method 

 consists of throwing an image of the light-source to be examined on to the 

 slit of the spectroscope. 



