96 



Capt. J. C. Wells on the 



[Dec. 19, 



July 6. — This observation shows a gradual increase as far down as 

 200 fathoms. We were well in the ice, and were prevented from con- 

 tinuing our sounding-operations. Little evaporation has taken place, 

 owing to the closeness of the ice and the gradual increase of the tem- 

 perature, with one exception, which occurred on the 18th of June, when 

 a temperature of 48° was obtained, — showing that the temperatures are 

 materially affected by local causes, the closeness of the pack or the opening 

 of the ice allowing evaporation to take place. 



July 7. — Here, where the ice is close, there is a great difference be- 

 tween the surface temperature and that at the ice-foot. We pulled up a 

 very beautiful description of starfish, which would not be likely to inhabit 

 this warm current were it of volcanic origin. 



July 10. — The crew being required elsewhere, we could not continue 

 our sounding-experiments. The sounding shows a decrease of tempera- 

 ture, owing to the ice-water. 



July 12. — This remarkable sounding was carefully registered specially 

 by Mr. Smith, who saw the index before it was immersed and immediately 

 on its coming up. This shows a gradual increase of temperature towards 

 the north, proving the current to come from the north ; and its tempera- 

 ture being above that of the Glulf-stream, where it disperses itself, is a 

 proof it is in no way connected with it. 



The thermometer has since been examined by Mr. L. P. Casella, who 

 certifies that it " has been tested in the hydraulic press, as well as care- 

 fully compared with my standard, and found correct in every way, no 

 change whatever having taken place in the instrument." 



