of Heat and Pressure upon the Paraffins. 



195 



obtained. On passing the gas into a mixture of the hydrocarbons it was 

 rapidly absorbed, and a heavy oil separated out ; this had an odour resem- 

 bling that of castor-oil ; but the substance could only be preserved in the 

 freezing-mixture, and on distillation, even in steam, it was immediately 

 decomposed. 



8. The next well-defined fraction of the original liquid boiling between 

 100° and 200° distilled constantly at 145-148°. It was remarked that as this 

 fraction increased in bulk, and the neighbouring ones became more free 

 from octane and octylene, they gradually acquired a very characteristic 

 and unpleasant smell, quite different from the fraction boiling at 122-125°. 

 A portion of the mixed hydrocarbons was treated with bromine in the cold. 

 The same darkening was observed as in the case of the 122-125° fraction ; 

 but it was by no means so marked as in that instance, and there was no 

 difficulty in perceiving when a decided excess of bromine had been added. 

 The following are the details of the experiment : — 



Hydrocarbon employed 18-95 grms. 



Bromine needed 12-8 ,, 



Equivalent to nonylene 10*0 „ 



As it was impossible to distil off the hydride, even in a current of steam, 

 without at the same time decomposing the bromine compound, the liquid 

 was treated with alcoholic potash and distilled upwards for some time. 

 "Water was then added, the dark brown oil separated, dried, and distilled ; 

 it commenced to boil at 150°, and* fractions were collected between every 

 10°. The largest fractions came over at 160-170° and 200-218°. 



The portion boiling between 200-218° on repeated distillation boiled 

 almost entirely between 208° and 212°, and had approximately the compo- 

 sition C 9 H 17 Br. 



0'4165 grm. bromide gave 0*3370 grin, silver bromide and 0*0105 

 grm. reduced silver. 



The quantity obtained was too small to admit of purification. 



A second portion of the liquid, boning between 145° and 148°, was treated 

 with fuming sulphuric acid. A considerable rise of temperature was 

 observed, so that it was necessary to cool the mixture in order to prevent, 

 as far as possible, the polymerizing action of the strong acid. The super- 

 natant oil was then decanted, washed with dilute soda solution, dried, and 

 distilled over sodium. About half the liquid came over below 170°, 

 after which the thermometer rose very rapidly to above 340°, when the 

 distillation was stopped. On cooling, the dense oily liquid in the retort 

 solidified. The fraction boiling below 170° was redistilled over sodium; 

 it boiled almost entirely between 145° and 150°. It was then mixed with 

 the hydride obtained after treatment with bromine (see preceding section), 

 and the mixed liquids were again distilled over sodium. The boiling-point 



Br 



Calculated. 

 39*0 



Found. 



36*3 



