of Heat and Pressure upon the Paraffins, 



197 



further action of the chlorine. Ultimately the greater portion of the liquid 

 was found to boil between 200° and 230°, about | boiling above this point. 

 By repeated distillation the former portion was divided into two portions- 

 one boiliug at 190-198°, and the other boiling constantly at 240-245°. 

 The first fraction on analysis gave numbers agreeing with the composition 

 of nonyl chloride. 



I. 0-6670 grm. chloride gave 0-5937 grm. silver chloride and 0-0100 

 grm. metallic silver. 



II. 0-5195 grm. chloride gave 0*4930 grm. silver chloride and 0'0080 

 grm. metallic silver. 



Found. 



Calculated. I. II. 



CI 21-9 22-5 22-8 



The specific gravity of the nonyl chloride was found to be 0-8962 at 

 14°. Pelouze and Cahours found the so-called pelargyle chloride to boil 

 at 196°; its specific gravity was 0*899 at 16°. It is highly probable, 

 however, in spite of the concordance of these results, that the liquid ob- 

 tained by us was a mixture of primary and secondary chlorides ; and the 

 same remark is probably applicable to the product obtained by Pelouze 

 and Cahours. The fraction boiling at about 245° was in all probability 

 C 9 H 18 Cl 2 , produced by the further action of the chlorine upon the Irydride ; 

 the quantity, however, was insufficient to purify it for analysis. 



9. The next well-defined fraction distilling at a constant temperature 

 boiled at 170-172°. It was treated with bromine, with the following 



results 



Weight of liquid taken 4*80 grins. 



,, Bromine needed 3*38 „ 



Equivalent to decylene 2*95 „ 



The liquid was too strongly reddened by the bromine ; it was evident 

 that too great an excess had been added. This would make the amount of 

 olefine too large. The quantity of hydrocarbon taken was too small ; the 

 experiment should have been repeated on a larger scale. Our object, 

 however, was to economize our material, as we could find no ready method 

 of separating the brominated compound from the unattacked hydride 

 without decomposition. Boiling with alcoholic potash gave a very inde- 

 finite result. 



About 37 grins, of the mixed hydrocarbons were cautiously treated with 

 nitric and sulphuric acids, and the mixture cooled to moderate the reaction. 

 After standing about 17 hours the clear amber-coloured oil was separated, 

 repeatedly washed, and distilled in a current of steam. When about ^ 

 of the liquid had passed over, the remainder in the flask suddenly decom- 

 posed, becoming almost solid, and fumes of oxides of nitrogen were abun- 

 dantly disengaged. The distillate, which floated on water, was dried and 

 distilled ; it commenced to boil at 169°, and all came over below 175°, 



