necessary to kill. Bacteria, Vibriones^ fyc. 



329 



the temperature of 140° F. The comparative behaviour of these two 

 inoculated fluids (placed, in the ordinary manner, in previously boiled 

 corked phials) should be capable of showing us whether the living 

 elements of the inoculating compound were able to survive when heated 

 in the organic infusion. If they did survive, the fluids inoculated in this 

 manner ought to undergo putrefaction earlier and more rapidly than 

 those inoculated with the drop of turbid fluid, in which we know that the 

 Bacteria, Vibriones, and their supposed germs would have been reduced 

 to a state of potential death. With the view of settling this question, 

 therefore, the following experiments were made : — 



Description of Experiments. 



Kesults. 



Inferences. 



A. Boiled amnionic-tartrate 

 solution, inoculated with an un- 

 heated drop of a similar solution 

 turbid with Bacteria &c. 



B. Boiled amnionic-tartrate 

 solution, inoculated with a drop 

 of a turbid saline solution pre- 

 viously heated to 140° F. 



C. Boiled turnip- and hay-in- 

 fusions, inoculated with a drop of 

 a turbid saline solution previous- 

 ly heated to 140° F. 



D. Boiled turnip- and hay-in- 

 fusions, inoculated with a drop of 

 an unheated turbid saline solu- 

 tion, the inoculated fluid being 

 subsequently heated to 140° F. 



E. Boiled turnip- and hay-in- 

 fusions, inoculated with a drop of 

 an unheated saline solution, the 

 inoculated fluid being subse- 

 quently heated to 131° F. 



Turbid in 40 hrs. 



Clear at expiration 

 of 8th day. 



Turnip -infusion s 



turbid in 2| days. 

 Hay-infusions 



clear at expi ration 



of 8th clay. 

 Turnip-infusions 



turbid in 2| days. 

 Hay-infusions 



clear at expiration 



of 8th day. 



Turnip-infusions 

 turbid in 28 hrs. 



Hay-infusions 

 turbid in 38 hrs. 



That boiled ammonic-tartrate so- 

 lution is a fluid inoculable by 

 living Bacteria &c, and favour- 

 able for their growth and rapid 

 multiplication. 

 That Bacteria, Vibriones, and 

 their supposed germs are either 

 killed or deprived of all power 

 of multiplication when heated 

 to 140° F. in this fluid. 

 f The precisely similar behaviour 

 of the turnip- and hay-infu- 

 sions of series C and series 

 D respectively shows that 

 the Bacteria, Vibriones, and 

 their supposed germs are as 

 inoperative in series D as 

 they are known to be in 

 series C ; whilst the beha- 

 viour of the hay-infusions 

 shows that they are little 

 amenable to the influence of 

 the drop of the saline fluid 

 when its living units are 

 k killed. 

 Shows that a heat of 131° F. is 

 not sufficient to kill Bacteria, 

 Vibriones, and their supposed 

 germs in organic infusions, and, 

 again, that turnip-infusions are 

 more rapidly influenced by such 

 an inoculating agent than some 

 hay-infusions *. 



No experiments could speak more decisively. Those of series B show 

 that Bacteria, Vibriones, and their supposed germs are either actually or 

 potentially killed when heated to 140° F. in the neutral saline fluid, 



* These experiments of series C, D, and E were many times repeated with specimens 

 of the same turnip- and hay-infusions, the specific gravity of the former being about 

 1008 and that of the latter 1005. Different specimens of hay especially vary so much 

 that it becomes absolutely essential to use portions of the same infusion for the compa- 

 rative experiments of these different series. 



