390 Sir Richard Owen. On Echidna Ramsayi (Ow.). [June 16, 



preservation to enable him to illustrate almost every detail of their 

 structure. They not only support his previous conclusions, but 

 they supply irresistible evidence that those conclusions are correct 

 ones. Fortunately, at least three of the Strobili have attached to 

 them the ends of the twigs which supported them ; these peduncles 

 are indisputably Calamites of the type to which Goppert assigned 

 the generic name of Arthropitus, which genus several of the French 

 Palaeontologists have long insisted upon classing with the Gymno- 

 spermous plants. 



The fruit is beyond question that of a true spore-bearing Crypto- 

 gam ; a fact which determines the Equisetif orm affinities of the 

 entire Calamitean group ; since if any members of that group might 

 possibly have been regarded as Gymnosperms, it certainly was those 

 of the Arthropitean type. But of all such possibilities there is now 

 an end. 



XIV. " On Fossil Remains of Echidna Ramsayi (Ow.). Part II." 

 By Sir Richard Owen. K.C.B.. F.R.S., &c. Received May 

 20, 1887. 



(Abstract.) 



Since the transmission of the evidence of the large extinct species 

 of Echidna, the subject of the paper (' Phil. Trans.,' 1884, p. 273, Plate 

 14), the discoverer of the specimen, Ed. P. Ramsay, Esq., F.L.S., has 

 prosecuted his researches in the " Wellington bone and breccia caves, 

 New South Wales," and has added to the mutilated subject of that 

 paper an entire humerus, a large portion of the skull, the atlas 

 vertebra, a tibia, and fragmentary evidences of other parts of the 

 same skeleton — adding to the knowledge of a former existence in 

 Australia of Echidna Ramsayi. 



The edentulous condition, proportions, and conformation of the 

 jaws, together with other characteristic modifications of this mono- 

 trematous genus, are repeated on the same magnified scale as in 

 the mutilated arm-bone previously described and figured. 



The predatory subject of the paper on Thylacoleo camifex (' Phil. 

 Trans.,' 1887) was discovered in the same cave, and exemplifies the 

 leonine marsupial which contributed to the extinction of the larger 

 phytophagous and monotrematous Mammals of the Australian Con- 

 tinent. 



